Abstract This paper designed the questionnaire of factors affecting the effective learning of senior high school chemistry, carried out a large sample of the questionnaire survey in representative high school. Survey data were processed by computer. Analysis of statistical results found that: learning habits, learning methods, difficulty of learning contents had a significant impact on effective learning of high school students, the influence of learning environment on the effective learning of high school students was not obvious; the differences between male and female students in four dimensions were not very huge, but the influence degree of different grade students had changed. And this would provide useful enlightenments for the effective teaching of chemistry teachers in high school.