Abstract This paper introduced chemistry classroom teaching based on Popper's theory of falsification with examples. The specific teaching forms included:When teaching presupposition was inconsistent with generation, used the verification or falsification to verify; the teaching conflict was embedded in the teaching design, and gave students the opportunity to prove it; made full use of the experimental inquiry function, enhanced the understanding of principle through falsification; when guiding students to study independently and cooperatively, they questioned and discussed the falsification. The Popper's theory of falsification has some enlightening effect on chemistry teaching:developing students' critical thinking is the proper meaning of chemistry teaching; it is an important duty of chemistry teaching to cultivate students' innovative consciousness.