Abstract The chemistry textbook of the People’s Education Press (2019) has two expressions about the direction of chemical reactions: the perspective of chemical thermodynamics and the perspective of the second law of thermodynamics. The article provides a disciplinary understanding of the two expressions, analyzes the confusing points that students may have, and proposes suggestions for textbook writing. The reason why reversible reactions can occur spontaneously in both forward and reverse directions is analyzed from a thermodynamic perspective,and the chemical reaction conditions include thermodynamic conditions, kinetic conditions, and reaction regulation conditions. A disciplinary understanding of chemical reaction conditions from the perspectives of thermodynamics and kinetics has been gained, and through examples such as Fe and O2 reactions, Na and O2 reactions, and 1,3butadiene addition reactions, the relationship between reaction conditions and reaction products has been analyzed, as well as how to regulate the influence of reaction conditions on reaction products. Teaching suggestions for the direction and conditions of chemical reactions have been proposed, as well as suggestions for teachers’ disciplinary understanding.
YE Li-Hua, ZHANG Jun. Discipline Understanding of Chemical Reaction Direction and Reaction Conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Education, 2025, 46(1): 90-96.
