1. Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; 2. Chemistry Postdoctoral Research Station, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; 3. The Affiliated Foreign Language School of Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453004, China
Abstract According to the textual research and analysis of the development process of the concept of bismuth, at the end of the 15th century, with the development of metallurgical technology, European chemists came into contact with minerals related to bismuth in practice and initially recorded its unique physical properties. In 1753, French chemist Geoffroy successfully isolated bismuth and officially named it. In 1826, Swedish chemist Berzelius measured the atomic weight of bismuth relatively accurately, closely linking the concept of bismuth element with bismuth atom and endowing the concept of bismuth element with new connotations. At the beginning of the 20th century, the discovery of bismuth isotopes opened a new stage in people’s understanding of bismuth element. In short, with the development of scientific thinking and the innovation of experimental methods, the connotation of the concept of bismuth element is also constantly enriched and developed.
ZHANG Chao-Ying, ZHANG Qian-Feng, YUAN Zhen-Dong. From Macroscopic Properties to Microscopic Essence: Discovery of Bismuth and Implied Scientific Methodology[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Education, 2026, 47(5): 124-128.
