Abstract Utilizing the real situation of “copper polishing solutions”, a project-based teaching mode centered around experimental inquiry was developed by constructing a chain of authentic problems. Taking “exploring the evolution principles of copper polishing solutions” as the project objective, closely focusing on the core knowledge of the reaction between copper and nitric acid. Four progressive tasks were executed sequentially: “Determining the reaction between nitric acid and copper products” “Investigating the role of sulfuric acid in the polishing solutions” “Comparing the effects of H+ and NO-3 on the copper polishing process” and “Upgrading the formulation of nitric acid-based polishing solutions”. Students examined the properties of nitric acid through a two-dimensional perspective based on “valence-substance”, while also exploring the functions of various components within the copper polishing solutions via experimental methods. Throughout this progression, students not only solved practical problems by applying chemical knowledge, but also developed an awareness of evidence in scientific exploration. Moreover, they enhanced their environmental protection awareness during the evolution of the copper polishing solutions formula.
LIANG Ya-Xuan, HUANG Man-Xia, CHANG Si-Jia. Project-Based Teaching of Reaction Between Copper and Nitric Acid: Investigating Evolutionary Principles of Copper Polishing Solutions[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Education, 2026, 47(9): 24-30.
