Abstract Based on the law of conservation of energy,the actual output power of the electric kettle was calibrated to calculate the energy absorbed by water during boiling process,and the hydrogen bond strength between water molecules was deduced. The obtained experimental data are close to the standard values reported in the references. From both qualitative and quantitative perspectives,this experiment connects observable macroscopic thermal phenomena with abstract microscopic inter-molecular forces based on daily scenarios familiar to students. The experimental apparatus is easily accessible and the operation is safe. Integrating relevant knowledge of physics and chemistry,the experiment is suitable for classroom demonstration and independent inquiry by students,which helps cultivate their abilities to integrate theory with practice and conduct data reasoning and analysis.
FU Yu-Jie, DENG Xiao-Yan, PAN Rui, MA Yan-Jie. Quantitative Characterization of Abstract Chemical Concepts: Determining Hydrogen Bond Strength of Water Using an Electric Kettle[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Education, 2026, 47(15): 99-102.
