This paper discusses the essence of compounds'coloration with d-d electron transition and charge transfer of transition metal ions and some affecting factors.It elaborates upon the relationship between color and molecular structure of compounds,and enumerates the rules which control the color change of some common compounds.The color of compound is closely related to their structures,environment factors and people's sense of sight.

Environmental material is that which is harmonious to environment or of environmental awareness.Its characteristic is little consumption to resources and energy,little environmental pollution and high recycling ratio and have excellent serviceability.It is a main task of developing new type ecological environment material in 21st century to substitute little environmental load material for heavy environmental load material.This paper introduces the progresses of the research and application of equivalent materials for Freon,phosphorous detergent and building asbestos material,and new type environmental compatible material.