As a traditional medicinal herb,pearls contain rich nutrients and are well-known for their whitening and anti-aging functions.However,there is little systematic disclosure of the chemical reaction mechanisms involved.This article provides a systematic review of the whitening and anti-aging mechanisms of pearls from a chemical perspective,analyzing and speculating on the chemical reactions and mechanisms behind these functions.The aim is to reveal the overlooked chemical knowledge in pearls,strengthen the connection between chemistry and life,and provide relevant contexts and resources for chemistry teaching.

The three peppers are commonly used as spices in our daily life.They are widely used in the field of cosmetics.The biological activities of their mainingredients are of great signifience for ourhealth.The origins of the three peppers as well as their other aspects are outlined.The structures,the relationship between the structures and spicy,the spicy mechanism,the function and the synthesis of the amide compoundswhich cause the spicyare introduced. It is expected that people can understand the cause of the spicy and its impacton health while enjoying the delicious food.

This paper carries out a project-based teaching reform on the colloid dispersion system in physical chemistry courses,focusing on the mainstream of “Detection,prevention,and treatment of viral respiratory infectious diseases”.Firstly,the unit themes of gold sol in virus antigen detection kit by colloidal gold method,electrophoretic detection technology as well as virus airborne transmission and drug inhalation therapy,are utilized to guide the learning of basic characteristics,structure as well as the optical,electrical and dynamic properties of colloidal dispersion system.Afterwards,the stability and coagulation mechanism of collosol are explored through integrating of the above core knowledge.Ultimately,practice of fabricating a simple colloidal detection test strip and elaborate it by a presentation.Teaching process is dedicated to guiding students to independently construct knowledge systems,gaining a deep insight into scientific research process and problem-solving strategies.

Phase equilibrium is one of the most crucial parts in the physical chemistry curriculum.This paper presents the teaching methods adopted in phase equilibrium,such as reorganizing the contents with inherent logical connections in this part,combining formulas with images,integrating theory with practice,integrating the phase diagram of water and Clapeyron equation,and applying mathematics ideation of symbolic-graphic combination to solve the chemical problems,in order to enable the students to understand and grasp the knowledge point of the phase diagram of water,Clapeyron equation and Clausius-Clapeyron equation effectively.

Faraday’s law is the quantitative basis of electrochemical theory and the first step for college students to understand modern electrochemical theory. This experiment improves the related experiments of Faraday’s law in general chemistry experiments, taking into full consideration of the difference between the chemical knowledge system of high school and university. This experiment designs two experimental sections, which are the determinations of Avogadro constant and current efficiency, introducing Faraday’s law and its application to students through the anodic oxidation process of ferrum. Based on the rich experimental phenomena, students are guided to make a smooth transition from high school chemical knowledge basis to university chemical theories, and are encouraged to think further about the connection between redox and electrochemistry on the basis of their existing knowledge through the experiments. This experiment promotes the further understanding of Faraday’s law and the redox properties of ferrum, improves the knowledge system, and enhances the interest in chemistry learning of students.

Based on the content of preparation,characterization and electrochemical performance test of the catalyst for nitrate electrochemical reduction and synthesis of ammonia,a new environment-friendly nitrogen-fixing technology,this paper designed a comprehensive chemical experiment project,it combined the preparation methods of nanomaterials,material characterization techniques,operational skills of large-scale instruments and graph analysis.Adopting exploratory teaching methods to achieve a student-centered spiral process of enhancing comprehensive abilities.By combining basic chemical knowledge with research hotspots in electrocatalytic conversion,we aim to strengthen the professional foundational abilities of college students,inspire research enthusiasm and interest,and enhance innovation and comprehensive practical abilities,sustainable development concepts and green environmental awareness.Through self-designed experimental scheme,hands-on operation and data processing,students’ collaborative learning,communication and team cooperation skills can be enhanced.This experiment has high safety and strong operability,and it is suitable for basic experimental teaching.

Some objections such as the obsolete contents,unitary experimental techniques,indigent evaluation means and the deviation of didactical targets from the frontier and the hotspots of the current scientific research could be identified in the current teaching of physicochemical experiment.It should be the focus of the present pedagogical reformation in the experimental curriculum.The novel and interdisciplinary item of physicochemical experiment is proposed in the article to substitute the out-dated and confirmatory content of the present-day course with the monotonous spectrometric means.The implementation of the comprehensive experiment is intended to cultivate the students with the capability to evaluate the impact of the mutual interactions between incorporated enzyme molecules and elements within the protein matrix on the charge shuttle dynamics and the electro-catalytic efficiency of graphene based composite with protein entrapment in virtue of the spectrometric and electrochemical techniques.Such actualization of the synthetical experiment would impel the students to master the key points of the related theory and the data proceeding methods.The content of the proposed experimental item is relative fairly to the research frontier of the photo-electrochemical sensor.The enforcement difficulty in the experimental reformation is relatively low.The execution of the experimental reformation indicates its palpable feasibility in the ordinary colleges and universities.The intention of such experimental innovation is proposed to explore and the estimate the direct electrochemical behavior and the electro-catalytic performance on oxygen reduction of laccase based electrode with porphine derivative functionalized graphene oxide as enzyme supporter.

The accuracy of yield calculation in the“purification of crude salt”experiment was evaluated.The yield calculation method was improved to avoid higher yield in the traditional calculation by removing extra Na⁺ and Cl^- introduced from reagents.The scientific nature of quantitative calculation should be emphasized during experimental research,thus students’ capability of experimental exploration and scientific consciousness could be cultivated.

The comprehensive experiment teaching in university chemistry wascarried outwith the project theme of “extraction and determination of orange essential oil”. Students select suitable plant essential oils by consulting information,apply HTML5 technology to screen extraction processes, examine single factor conditions, and optimize orthogonal experiments. Finally, gas chromatography was used to determine the orange essential oil extracted under optimal conditions. This experiment utilizes a combination of virtual and real teaching methods to organically integrate knowledge transmission and ability cultivation. By linking theory with practice, students can develop their ability to solve real-world problems, cultivate their teamwork and rigorous scientific attitude in group cooperation, inter group discussions, and other activities.

This article aims to design a comprehensive experimental teaching plan to achieve rapid and sensitive detection of trace amounts of oxytetracycline by using prepared nano flower shaped Al-MOF materials.The experimental process includes the synthesis and characterization of nano flower shaped Al-MOF materials,preparation of oxytetracycline solution,exploration of the optimal experimental conditions for fluorescence detection of oxytetracycline by Al-MOF,as well as fluorescence characteristic analysis and concentration determination using fluorescence detection instruments.The sensitivity and specific fluorescence recognition ability of Al-MOF detection of oxytetracycline are examined,and the relevant mechanisms involved in the detection process are revealed and summarized.This experimental teaching design is suitable for senior undergraduate students.Through this experimental design,students will be able to understand and master the preparation technology of nano luminescent materials,the application of fluorescence technology in analysis and detection,as well as basic laboratory operating skills and data analysis methods.This study will effectively enhance the comprehensive professional quality of students in summarizing and solving practical problems,cultivate their scientific literacy and spirit,and promote their better understanding of cutting-edge knowledge in chemistry and materials.

According to the certification standards of chemistry teachers, there are some general problems existing in the practical teaching of chemistry normal students, such as unreasonable curriculum system, single teaching method and imperfect curriculum evaluation system. With the fundamental task of morality education, combined with the teaching concept of “student-centered, output-oriented and continuous improvement”, this paper establishes and improves the practical course teaching system through the whole training process by optimizing the practical ability and innovation ability as the core, and actively carries out the reform and innovation of practical course teaching content, teaching method and teaching mode. Moreover, we also construct a comprehensive and diversified practical teaching evaluation system, improve the education and teaching ability and teachers’ comprehensive quality of chemistry normal students in order to lay a solid professional theoretical foundation and innovative educational practice ability for normal students to engage in middle school chemistry teaching after graduation.

Combined with the characteristics of pharmacy specialty and the combination of theoretical knowledge with practical application, the scientific research results of the rapid determination method of artemisinin by teachers were transformed into the experimental teaching projects of analytical chemistry experiments for undergraduate students, so as to improve students’ understanding of theoretical knowledge and make students truly understand the practical application of theoretical knowledge. Through the rapid determination of artemisinin in artemisiae annuae herba, it is applied to the preliminary screening of inferior medicinal materials to cultivate students’ professional quality and professional ethics. The whole process of Tu’s discovery of artemisinin were further integrated into the curriculum ideological and political education to cultivate students’ perseverance, study hard, serve the motherland’s patriotic feelings and professional spirit, and comprehensively improve students’ comprehensive quality. This experimental project combined the scientific research work of teachers with the experimental teaching work of undergraduates, realized the infiltration and transformation of scientific research into teaching, improved the teaching quality and effect, and realized the transformation and integration of science and education.

Chemical engineering thermodynamics forms the backbone of practical process design and operations,yet its intricacy poses challenges for students.Recent strides in numerical software and big data have unlocked interdisciplinary possibilities in thermodynamics education.To address the key challenges of the disconnect between abstract theory and practical applications inherent in traditional teaching methods,as well as the deficiency in interactive and experiential learning,for the first time,this paper delves into multidisciplinary integration by introducing specialized numerical software tools for different thermodynamics modules,making complex concepts more accessible for students.Moreover,practical engineering cases are incorporated to offer vivid visualizations.The quantitative analysis unveils a multi-parameter correlation model linking teaching effectiveness,software usage,and knowledge complexity.Implementing various numerical software significantly boosts the teaching efficacy of four major thermodynamics modules by 84.8%,50.6%,96.9%,and 75.9% respectively.These strategies aim to foster innovation and hands-on learning experiences within chemical thermodynamics education,ultimately enhancing students’ capabilities and learning journey.

University-Enterprise cooperation is an important measure to deepen the reform of “introducing enterprises into education”.Joint construction of instrumental analysis center has been promoted between North China Electric Power University and PerkinElmer.The cooperation management system has been proposed under the guidance of the University-Enterprise Cooperation Committee,which include scientific institutional system,standardized management and talent & technology exchange.The center met the needs of the industry testing,made breakthroughs in key areas,provided practical resources for experimental teaching and course design,and empowered the talent cultivation and employment.It serves the construction of the school’s energy and electricity discipline and presents a clear demonstration role in cultivating innovative talents.

This teaching case explores the application of advanced machine learning algorithms,XGBoost and LightGBM,in the high-throughput screening of perovskite materials for thermal stability and bandgap,aiming to integrate the intersection of computational chemistry and data science into chemical education.Through practical case analysis,this article not only deepens students’ understanding of the basic theories of computational chemistry but also enhances their ability to apply machine learning technologies to solve chemical problems,promoting interdisciplinary thinking and skill cultivation.Additionally,SHAP analysis is utilized to enhance the interpretability of model predictions,providing students with valuable opportunities to understand and master cutting-edge technologies,and laying a solid foundation for their research and professional development.

The paper mainly introduces the usage process of Autodock software in molecular docking teaching,designs the molecular docking experiment between quercetin and inducible nitric oxide synthase,and analyzes the docking results.Through molecular docking technology,students can grasp the mechanism of the interactions between small drug molecules and large protein molecules through three-dimensional structural visualization,and providing a theoretical basis for the college students innovation projects related to drug design in future.

Drawing upon several canonical reactions,this study delves into the enthalpy changes that occur during combustion reactions within adiabatic constant volume reactors.By meticulously analyzing the influence of various factors,such as alterations in the count of gas molecules before and after the reaction,stoichiometric ratios of reactants,and the aggregation state of products on the temperature and pressure changes of the reaction system,we arrive at a definitive conclusion regarding the enthalpy change associated with these reactions.Rigorous formula derivations and calculation results reveal that in adiabatic constant volume reactors,the combustion reactions lead to a positive enthalpy change,as the immense heat released during combustion process is entirely absorbed by the substances within the system,thereby driving a significant increase in both temperature and pressure.

Papers on the application of benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer in the Journal of Chemical Education in the past ten years were selected to analyze the characteristics of their publications from the perspectives of subject scope,teaching objects and teaching methods,and representative teaching cases were introduced.It provides reference for the development and practice of the teaching of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in China.

In the history of discovery of elements, praseodymium and neodymium were found to be unique and accompanied by each other. In 1839, Swedish scientist Mosander obtained “didymium” in ceria, and predicted the existence of new elements, but did not isolate corresponding elements. In 1882, Brauner used a spectroscope to test the absorption bands belonging to praseodymium and neodymium respectively. In 1885, the Austrian chemist Karl Orls Wellsbach using the method of double nitrate and ammonium fractionation crystallization, from the “didymium” to separate the praseodymium and neodymium elemental, confirmed the existence of new elements hypothesis, praseodymium and neodymium elements basic formation of the concept. From 1972 to 1976, Chinese chemist Xu Guangxian put forward the Theory of Countercurrent Extraction, which made outstanding contribution to the improvement of the purity of praseodymium and neodymium after separation. In the 20th century, with the rise of isotope chemistry, the isotopes of praseodymium and neodymium were discovered successively, forming the modern concept of praseodymium and neodymium. In short, the discovery of praseodymium and neodymium and the development of their concepts are the crystallization of the integration of scientific thought and technology.