Abstract Gallium is the first element predicted according to the periodic law of chemical elements and confirmed in nature. It has the highest electrical conductivity as well as the highest thermal conductivity in all the fluid matters. Gallium is applied widely in electronic industry and is known as the backbone of electronic industry. Over the last decade, there have been discovered more application potentials of gallium such as electrical industry, heat dissipation, additive manufacturing, soft machine, biomedicine and so on.
