The three wastes management was remedial and forced,while the environmental management of chemicals was directive and initiative. According to industrial manufacturing procedure, the merits and demerits between management after the event and management in advance were analyzed.The contents on the management of chemicals and chemical pollutant management were introduced in the environmental protection laws and regulations in the U.S.were introduced. The paths how we would change the ideas of environmental protection and enhance environmental management of chemicals in the future were proposed.

In order to extend chemical knowledge of high-school students from the perspective of STS,UV-induced surface grafting polymerization,one of the techniques for the surface modification of polyethylene,was described.

Cultivation of scientific research ability of undergraduates in higher education is not only the requirement of the times, but also the basic guarantee for ensuring the quality of high-level personnel training. This paper introduces and analyzes the significance and role of undergraduate research projects in higher education of our country at the present stage. It puts forward some suggestions in conducting undergraduate research projects in the research-oriented university and the local comprehensive university: how to set up the correct learning style in the process of undergraduate scientific research training; scientific research should be combined with the teaching process; how to deal with the relationship between foreign language ability training and scientific research training for undergraduates; establish undergraduate cooperative learning mode in scientific research projects; the significance of actively carrying out extra-curricular activities in science and technology and its specific practice. And the experience of training scientific research ability of undergraduates in other countries is also discussed.

This paper reports the teaching design in which the students have drawn and discussed the free energy-oxidation state diagrams for vanadium by taking the example of the free energy-oxidation state diagrams for iodine, and explores the general relationship between free energy and electrode potential for metal and non-metallic element systems. The empirical analysis of the teaching case proves that the students can master basic knowledge quickly and efficiently,and their interest in learning could be improved by the example-teaching method, thus the teaching gets twice the result with half the effort.

In the context of open education, reform on some chemistry courses has been carried out in order to improve the students'ability. By using the open teaching mode, students explore the chemical problems with the support of web-based course and in their social practices. By combining theory teaching and practical training, students' interest in chemistry and thirst for knowledge have been cultivated, so that students become the masters of study. By discussing and solving specific problems in real life, the students' innovative ability and comprehensive quality have been trained. In such way, the cultivation of students' chemical literacy and humanism spirit are promoted together, and finally the chemical general education is integrated with the training of college students' innovation consciousness and critical thinking.

On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of organic chemistry course, three factors which influence the teaching effect are discussed and the importance of teaching method and thought are illustrated with examples.

The necessity and feasibility of "Charming Chemistry" in our college is introduced briefly. The teaching practices of this course are expounded especially on course orientation, teaching contents, teaching methods and the way of evaluation. Aiming at the problems at present, the corresponding coping strategies are also put forward, so that useful reference is provided for other universities to set up this course.

The S_N2, S_N1, E2 and E1 reactions play an important role in learning organic chemistry, which are also confusing concepts for learners. Their reaction mechanisms, influencing factors and competitive relationship diagrams are summarized in this article. Subsequently, some typical questions of postgraduate entrance exams are solved successfully with the competitive relationship diagrams. Therefore, it will help readers to understand and grasp the competitive relationships of S_N2, S_N1, E2 and E1 reactions.

The binary alloy phase diagram is drawn through thermal analysis in most physical chemistry experiment textbooks, where graphite is used as antioxidant to prevent tin-lead from being oxidized. However, there are some defects in this experiment. The defects are analyzed from the perspective of thermodynamic theory, and graphite is replaced with rosin to prevent tin-lead from being oxidized. Through analyzing the whole experimental process, the improved method of the experiment and its results are introduced in this paper.

The synthesis method of ethyl benzoate with sulfuric acid catalyst and oil-water separation was reasonably improved by using microwave irradiation instead of conventional water bath reflux. The effects of microwave power, reaction temperature and reaction time on the yield were emphatically investigated. The orthogonal experiment and optimal combination suggested the optimum reaction conditions: 15 min of irradiation time, 600 W of microwave power, and reaction temperature 95 ℃. The microwave radiation heating mode was used to replace the traditional boiling water bath method for the synthesis of ethyl benzoate for shortening the reaction time and improving the reaction efficiency. The vacuum distillation was applied to collect the pure product. With the characteristics of greening, modernization and comprehensiveness, the experiment increases the students' interest in experiment, and ensures adequate knowledge and skills for learning in the finite experimental time.

This paper mainly discusses the construction of constructivism-based inorganic chemistry high-quality course of higher vocational pharmaceutical education. The ideas of constructivism emphasize that the students are the subject of learning, and teaching should take students as the center. Under the guidance of these ideas, inorganic chemistry high-quality course is constructed which is aimed at the disadvantages of the current course for the major of pharmaceutics. It would promote curricula development of the whole college, so that students' learning method and the way of thinking would be improved, and the characteristics of fostering students would be embodied fully.

The Chinese Scientific and Industrial Magazine, which was founded by a British scholar Fryer, was the first scientific journal in modern China. This magazine pushed the dissemination of chemistry to the public, the development of chemical education and the creation of journals on modern chemistry in the late Qing Dynasty chemistry. It played an important role in popularizing scientific and technological knowledge and spreading scientific ideas. It also played an enlightening role in the social changes of the late Qing Dynasty.