Many diseases are the result of non-nutritive substances acting on the human body. Biotransformation is the main way to remove non-nutrients, and the liver is the main site of biotransformation. Based on various biotransformation and several transformation reaction cases, this paper proposes that the basic direction of biotransformation is the non-nutrients inactivation and solubilization. It is pointed out that most biotransformation plays a role in purifying and protecting the body, and a few transformation reactions that deviate from the basic direction are generally harmful to human health. The relationships among the liver health, biotransformation and human health are clarified.

The online course construction of organic chemistry is carried out on the Chaoxing fanya platform, and adopt full online teaching mode based on the four-step teaching of encouraging and sharing. Each unit is composed of mind mapping, guiding cases, unit knowledge points, group tasks, knowledge expansion, and unit assignments. Each micro-knowledge point is equipped with electronic textbooks, micro-lesson video, chapter knowledge and discussion, and knowledge point test. The online course meets the needs of a diverse and hierarchical self-study of individuals and groups. It focuses on training students' ability of autonomous learning and inquiry-based learning.

A student-centered teaching mode was built and practiced in analytical chemistry online teaching. The teaching mode realized the organic integration of various teaching methods, such as in and out class, theory and practice, reality and virtual. The teaching mode provides a feasible way to carry out the full online teaching of chemical specialized courses and a new idea to develop the blended teaching.

On the basis of the Guide to Nomenclature of Organic Compound (2017), the new rules were simplified to make them suitable for the teaching in undergraduate organic chemistry. Some examples were presented to illustrate the changes and applications of naming of organic compounds.

This paper introduces the teaching practice of the primary battery part in inorganic chemistry class. Through the heuristic-inquiry teaching method, students are inspired and induced to design the common redox reactions into primary batteries after constant questioning and improvement, to achieve the teaching purpose that the redox reaction does have electron transfer by the primary battery device. Students explore, analyze, deduce, innovate and revisethe device of primary batteryin teacher's inspiration, it can make students clearly know the logical relationship of the concept of redox reaction and primary battery device. At the same time, the students' ability of scientific dialectical thinking is cultivated.

The teaching strategy of “one core, two goals, three explorations and four construction” in the teaching of inorganic and analytical chemistry under the background of “Internet plus” is proposed. The implementation results show that based on the core knowledge of students' development, guided by the two specific teaching objectives of “having the basic chemical knowledge to solve complex pharmaceutical engineering, chemical engineering and material engineering” and “laying a solid foundation for learning follow-up courses”, through three teaching reform explorations, including comprehensive practical activities, case teaching and curriculum ideological and political education, and four kinds of teaching measures including the construction of online and offline cubic book, three-dimensional online teaching resources, online and offline hybrid teaching mode and the course evaluation system under SPOC teaching mode integrating process and result, which can effectively improve the quality of curriculum teaching.

The construction of high-efficiency classroom is a kind of teaching reconstruction for main purpose of education. Based on the classroom teaching of bilingual organic chemistry, the teaching design and practice of a golden course were expounded systematically in this article, which employing the procedure from “point” to “line” and then to “surface/body” under the mode of “pivot driving, scientific exploration, logic extension”. The purpose of this paper is to provide the methods sharing, the view-point discussion and the valuable thought inspiration for the development of bilingual organic chemistry teaching in colleges or universities.

A scientific and impartial evaluation methods was made according to the characteristics of the validating experiment, which included the evaluation of experimental results, preview scores, experiment operation, practical scores, discipline and health. Practice shows that the basic theoretical knowledge was strengthened, experimental operation level of the students had been enhanced and the quality teaching was increased by the evaluation methods.

A computational chemistry experiment is introduced for the senior undergraduates. By using the simple quantum chemistry calculations, the acid-base properties of the pyrimidine bases and the interaction energy between the base and water molecules are determined, and the quantitative relationship between the interaction energy of the hydrogen-bonding complex and the acid-base properties of the base is constructed, so that students can have a certain intuitive understanding of the concepts of molecular acidity-basicity, intermolecular interaction and molecular recognition. It is helpful for students to sort out the fragmented knowledge learned in the classes, and improve their innovative ability.

A comprehensive chemical experiment was designed based on the authors' teaching and research experience. The process of the experiment includes the preparation of NaA seeded tube and the synthesis of NaA based membrane via microwave heating method, as well as the microstructural characterization and pervaporation performance evaluation of as-synthesized membrane. The experiment imparts knowledge about green synthesis, performance testing, characterization and membrane separation unit operation, which contains a wide range of knowledge over different disciplines. It can help to improve students' practical ability, innovative consciousness and integrative skills of applying knowledge. It is suitable for students' comprehensive experiment.

The experiment of determining electrode reversibility using cyclic voltammetry plays an important role in instrumental analysis course. Potassium ferricyanide is usually applied as the electrochemical probe in this teaching experiment. However, because the redox process between ferricyanide and ferrocyanide is very fast and reversible, it is difficult for the college students to understand the electrode reversibility based on the current experimental design, not to say to distinguish the difference between electrochemical reversible and irreversible processes. Cyclic voltammetry simulation can be integrated in to the current experiment design. By setting different electron transfer rate constants (k⁰), different cyclic voltammograms can be obtained. Then, the effects of rate of electron transfer on electrode reversibility can be then understood by using the criterions (i.e. E_pa-E_pc=0.056 V/n,i_pai_pc≈-1) provided in the textbook.

Based on Rasch model, we studied the rater effect of operational skill test in chemical experiment. The rules of leniency, internal consistency, external consistency of raters and the deviation between raters and examineeswere researchedthrough analyzing Infit, Outfit, t, White charts and leniency fluctuation charts and so on. A series of suggestions to weaken the rater effect of operational skill test in chemical experiment were obtained.

To serve the training goals of chemistry speciality and satisfy the accreditation criteria of normal speciality in application-type regular universities, a three-stage method in organic chemistry teaching is designed. It is based on both the theories of discovery learning and constructivism learning, and has presented the student-centered and outcome-oriented teaching thoughts in accordance with the contents and characteristics of organic chemistry. This strategy is implemented in the chapters on sugars, proteins and nucleic acids, followed by a questionnaire survey and analysis of the implementation effect. The results demonstrate that the three-stage teaching method has provided a useful reference for the reform of organic chemistry teaching.

From the perspective of professional certification of engineering education and national standards for teaching quality of pharmaceutical engineering, the following reform measures were put forward to solve the existing problems in teaching process. Chemical engineering principle curriculum knowledge system was structured from the perspective of the continuous improvement, proposed combination of presentation methods, improved the ability to solve complex engineering problems, and strengthened the commonality and relationship between the operations of units. The reformed course of chemical engineering principle not only improves students' interest in independent learning, but also improves students' ability to solve complex engineering problems and achieves good teaching results.

Combined with our previous scientific research, a research-oriented experiment was designed by applying the aggregation-induced emission material to visualize the latent fingerprints (LFPs). The whole experiment consisted of three parts: the research of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property, the application of latent fingerprint development and the matching test on the automatic fingerprint identification system (AFIS) platform. This experiment was close to the frontier of discipline and related to the actual work of public security.It isenvisaged that this experiment can not only help students to understand the research status of AIE materials and the frontier knowledge of public security technology discipline, but also bridge gaps between the public security education and the public security practice.

Construction of integrated bachelor's, master's and doctoral curriculum of chemistry is based on the opportunity of comprehensive reform of doctoral education. It draws on the advanced ideas of top universities, and sorts out the problems of overlapping curriculum content, lack of connection, and insufficient knowledge breadth in the original three-level training. It combines the characteristics of the specialty of chemistry with the advantages of the discipline of the university, takes into account theoretical courses, experimental courses and practical training links and optimizes teaching resources. It strives to form a series of courses that integrate horizontal disciplines, vertical levels, and progress through the integration of programs for bachelor, master and doctor.

The geometrical optimization of anthracene and phenanthrene molecules was performed by using Gaussian software, and the aromaticity of anthracene and phenanthrene was analyzed by using iso-chemical shielding surfaces (ICSS) and electron localization function (ELF) methods in Multiwfn software, and the analysis results were visualized in this study. The results showed that the combination of Gaussian and Multiwfn software could intuitively explain the difference in aromaticity between different rings of anthracene and phenanthrene. Applying the analysis results to classroom teaching can make classroom teaching more intuitive and visual.

Based on the complex Zn(2,4′-bpt)₂(H₂O) in this text, the Mercury software was introduced in coordination chemistry teaching progress to clarified the structural characters. Firstly, the one-dimensional supramolecular chains are formed by hydrogen bonds from the zero-dimensional crystal structure. Secondly, bond length, bond angle and dihedral angle were measured to explain chemical bond parameters quantitatively. Ultimately, the purity of the complex was analyzed by comparing the experimental data of powder diffraction with the simulated data. Mercury software could realize the visualization display of the arrangement and combination of complexes in multi-dimensional space at microstructure level, which help students to understand the abstract concepts and theories of complex structure intuitively.

This paper systematically introduces the types, composition and analytic methods of satellite peaks in proton NMR spectrum. Satellite peaks contain a plenty of coupling information between isotopic spin nuclei with low natural abundance and proton, especially the ¹³C-¹H coupling. Of these couplings, ¹J coupling is the most common used because it involves many detailed information concerning structure and coupling constants. Therefore, if such information can be grasped, the analysis of satellite peak will be a great assistance for structural analysis. Herein, we discussed the analytic methods of several satellite peaks and their application in the college chemistry courses and scientific researches, especially regarding hyperconjugative effect and stereoelectronic effect.

Relation equations of electrochemistry,K^?-E^? and φ-φ^?, are two very important formulas about calculating equilibrium constants and electrode potential of redox reactions in voltaic cells. In fact, they can be used in calculating the equilibrium constant of non-redox reactions. This paper discusses the basis and method of the idea, and the applications in calculating ionization constant of water and weak acids and weak bases, and solubility product constant of some slightly salts and formation constant of some complex ions by the form of actual examples.