According to the latest research progress, the allotropes of antimony are summarized and discussed in this paper, including bulk antimony (gray antimony, explosive antimony, black antimony, yellow antimony) and nano antimony (antimonene, antimony nanotubes). The composition, structure, existence, synthesis and application of various antimony allotropes are introduced comprehensively, which can provide valuable materials for deep teaching and research on element antimony.

In order to grade chemistry experimental data fairly and objectivity, an online system of “data input and grading” has been applied, based on the Wechat public platform of “chemistry experiment teaching center of Zhejiang University”. This system achieved the automatic processing-grading on more than 20 inorganic and analytical chemistry experiments, such as the calibration of standard solutions, the synthesis and characterization of inorganic products, determination of an unknown sample using spectrophotometric method, measurement of the activation energy. This system made students input data more easily, let teachers grade the experiment more efficiently, achieved great teaching effects.

In order to serve the major strategic needs of the country and strengthen the selection and training of top-notch innovative talents in basic disciplines, our University launched the pilot work of enrollment reform of basic disciplines in 2020, namely the “Plan for strengthening basic disciplines”. The new training measures for chemistry major in the “Plan for strengthening basic disciplines” are aimed at cultivating undergraduates majoring in chemistry and applied chemistry who have solid basic chemical knowledge, proficient chemical skills and ideal of serving the country. This will also play a strong support and guarantee role for the development of aerospace characteristic polymer materials and technology in our university. In this article, the reform of polymer chemistry course under the background of the “Plan for strengthening basic disciplines” is discussed. The teaching method of cultivating ability as the main line and heuristic and expanding education as the main line is adopted. The combination of classroom teaching, experimental teaching and curriculum design effectively promotes the improvement of teaching quality.

How to strengthen the safety engineering education of chemistry and chemical engineering majors is an important subject in the higher education. In this paper, the method and three teaching examples of steam boiler explosion, fire explosion accident and corrosion damage are described in detail. It is pointed out that, in the teaching of physical chemistry, timely integrating into related safety engineering education can make the students understand how safety accident happen and prevent relying on physical chemical principle, to make sure safety awareness internalized. The introduction of modern educational technology in teaching can enhance this effect.

Taking the section of “common metal materials” in the “metal materials” as an example, the ideological and political teaching of the material chemistry course was discussed from the two aspects of teaching content and teaching evaluation. Ideological and political elements are organically integrated in the teaching contents of production and application of several common metal materials, such as aluminum alloy, copper alloy and steel, and also in teaching evaluation to cultivate students' sense of innovation and entrepreneurship, environmental protection, resource protection, national pride and social responsibility, and to strengthen the thought of morality education.

Modern analysis and testing technology is a required course for engineering master degree. Traditional teaching ofthe course is often based on teacher's lectures. Students have few opportunities for practical operation.Compared with traditional classrooms, “Rain Classroom” increases the chances of communication and interaction between teachers and students, which is conducive to improving students' enthusiasm for the course. Based on the “Rain Class”, the teacher's scientific research works are used as samples to integrate into the content of the course. Through these practical cases, students' interests and initiative in learning were stimulated by situational teaching. At the same time, the “punch-in” teaching mode has significantly improved students' enthusiasm for learning and learning effect of this course.

Traditional education has changed greatly nowadays by integrating with “Internet+” deeply. Corresponding to the “Double First-Class” initiative project, the mixed teaching mode of flipping classroom which combined with rain classroom wisdom teaching tool and based on MOOC (massive open online course) was explored to overcome the shortcomings of traditional teaching mode of the instrument analysis class in this paper. Firstly, problems in the instrument analysis teaching at present were analyzed. Then the method of construction of MOOC and combining it with traditional teaching method by flipping classroom were introduced. Such new teaching mode which featured with learners “self-learning” and teachers' guidance as administration and assistance can improve students' learning effectiveness and cultivate their applied and innovative talents.

This paper introduces a self-designed experiment, determination of iron content in magnetic medium railway ticket. The experiment design selects railway tickets in life as the research object, and takes the classical verification experiment “determination of total iron by none-mercury method” as the theoretical and experimental basis. Students are required to consult the literature, design the experimental schemes, discuss the schemes, carry out specific experiments, analyze the results, and write short papers. The implementation of the teaching experiment project can effectively promote the deep integration of theoretical knowledge system and experimental operation skills, and improve students' innovative ability and comprehensive quality.

A computational chemistry experiment is introduced for senior undergraduates in this paper. Determination of H₂O₂ dihedral angle is performed at room temperature by combination of statistical thermodynamics with quantum chemical calculation method. The present result is well consistent with the experimental one. This example largely helps students to understand knowledge of structural chemistry and physical chemistry, especially to have an intuitive understanding of nature of statistical thermodynamics. This favors increase of students' ability to deal with problems with statistical thermodynamics in their future scientific career.

A comprehensive instrument analysis experiment,the preparation and application of solid phase microextraction fiber,is designed. The experimental contents are divided into four parts: preparation of microporous organic polymer solid phase microextraction fiber,characterization of fiber with infrared spectra,optimization of experimental conditions,and determination of organochlorine pesticides with gas chromatography. Through the comprehensive use of a variety of instrument analysis experiments,students' understanding of separation and enrichment technology is deepened. Their mastery of the relevant contents of gas chromatography and infrared spectroscopy in instrument analysis course is consolidated. A complete and scientific operation process of instrumental analysis will be cultivated to form students' comprehensive thinking ability.

To make the teaching of the “phase diagram for a three-component system” closely follow the frontiers of the discipline,an academic and syntheticexperiment, the preparation of microemulsion, was developed. In the experiment, ethyl oleate was used as the oil phase, the mixing system of Tween-80 and ethanol with a mass ratio of 3∶1 was used as the emulsifier phase, and the distilled water was as the aqueous phase. Three different microemulsion samples were prepared according to the ratio of microemulsion in the phase diagram. The type of microemulsion was identified by dyeing and conductivity method, respectively. The physicochemical characteristic of microemulsion was also characterized by viscosity method and Marvin analyzer. Through experiments, students can obtain the frontier knowledge of disperse system, which is the effective way for training innovators.

In order to introduce cross-coupling reactions to undergraduate experimental class,an innovative comprehensive chemistry experiment,Kumada coupling reaction,was designed. Cuprous chloride was selected as catalyst,which could initiate the reaction at room temperature with low toxicity solvent,short reaction time and high yield. In this experiment,the coupling reaction was carried out under the water and oxygen free conditions,and then the products were separated by chromatography column,and analyzed qualitatively and semi-quantitatively by gas chromatography. Through this experiment,students can master the typical methods of organic compound synthesis and separation,get familiar with the analysis technology of gas chromatography.

Based on the front-end teaching analysis of teachers' professional certification concept and graduation requirements, a blended teaching mode of “learn-teach-evaluation-outcome” was constructed. By integrating teaching content, reconstructing teaching arrangement and optimizing teaching evaluation, the chemistry game-based teaching course was innovatively reformed. The teaching effect was evaluated from three aspects of students' learning outcome, achievement of teaching objectives and student satisfaction. The results show that this teaching mode is helpful to improve the quality of students' learning outcomes, can effectively promote the achievement of teaching objectives, and achieve high student satisfaction.

The “Secondary Vocational School Public Basic Courses Curriculum Program” promulgated by the Ministry of Education of China in order to fulfill “National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan” has further affirmed the status and role of secondary vocational school chemistry basic courses. This paper systematically studies the situation and tasks faced by secondary vocational education in the new era, the reform journey of basic chemistry courses, and the new concepts of chemistry curriculum reform in secondary vocational education highlighted by the chemistry curriculum standards, as well as the new requirements of the new curriculum standards bring to the secondary vocational chemistry teachers.

Pharmaceutical students show a more solid foundation in chemistry than in medicine, and have more difficulties in remembering, understanding and applying pharmacological knowledge in learning practice. Accordingly, a new pharmacology teaching pattern based on basic chemical knowledge by our teaching team was conceived and practiced. The curriculum reform project was carried out in three aspects including the understanding and application of the pharmacological knowledge, the ability to analyze and solve problems, and the curriculum ideological and political education. The effect of the reform was preliminately evaluated from the aspects of the interests and the participation in class, competence cultivation, dialectical thinking and tests of students' knowledge proficiency level. In conclusion, the curriculum reform of pharmacology based on basic chemical knowledge can improve the teaching efficacy and quality of pharmacology.

The design and function of virtual simulation system for n-bromobutane synthesis is introduced in this paper. Through teaching practice and comparative analysis of research results, a blended teaching mode combining virtual learning and actual learning is proposed, which can effectively solve the difficulties of poor preview effect and insufficient process evaluation in the traditional experimental teaching process.

Taking the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and treat the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) as an example, in the teaching of natural product chemistry, LeDock software is used to conduct semi-flexible docking between natural product small molecules and receptor protein molecules, and PyMOL software is used to analyze natural product small molecules. The interaction between molecules and receptor protein molecules fully demonstrates the relationship between the molecular structure and function of natural products in all directions. Teaching is carried out around the current situation in our country, so that can stimulatestudents'enthusiasmfor learning while understanding the facts, and cultivate students' logical thinking ability and practical ability, so as to improve the quality of students' learning.

The chemistry experiments class plays a vital role in cultivating and improving the scientific research literacy and comprehensive ability of college students. This article takes the “acid-base titrations” experiment in Florida International University as an example to address the characteristics of curriculum design and the teaching mode. On the basis of this experiment, we present our views on modifying academic standards, experimental design, teaching style, evaluation system in the chemical laboratory practice in undergraduate education in China.

In response to the question of whether the electricity generated in the voltaic pile originates from the contact between two different metals or from chemical reactions, scientists have respectively put forward two theories of “contact theory” and “chemical theory”. After nearly half a century of debate, the two theories have merged. The review of this chemical history, combined with modern theories, is conducive to an in-depth understanding of electrochemical themes and related core concepts.