化学史与化学史教育
过氧化氢的结构探索及工业发展与现代应用*
蒋娟2 , 陈笑鸽1** , 彭超1**
1.四川师范大学化学与材料科学学院 四川成都 610066;
Structural Exploration,Industrial Development,and Modern Applications of Hydrogen Peroxide
JIANG Juan2 , CHEN Xiao-Ge1** , PENG Chao1**
1. College of Chemistry and Material Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066,China;
摘要： 过氧化氢(H2 O2 )作为一种重要的绿色化学品,其发展历程完整展现了科学认知与技术创新的演进规律。系统梳理过氧化氢的科学研究与技术进步历程:从1818年泰纳尔的首次制备,到其分子的确立和立体构型的解析;从早期的钡酸盐法到现代主流的蒽醌法,再到新兴的电化学合成、光化学合成等绿色制备技术;从传统的漂白、消毒到现代环境治理和生命科学等领域的广泛应用。研究表明,过氧化氢的独特化学性质源于其分子中的过氧键(-O-O-),这使其兼具氧化性和还原性,且分解产物仅为水和氧气,符合绿色化学原则。过氧化氢的研究历程不仅反映了化学学科的发展规律,也为理解科学、技术与社会的关系提供了典型范例,对推动绿色化学发展和培养科学素养具有重要意义。
关键词： 过氧化氢 ,
分子结构 ,
绿色化学 ,
科学素养
收稿日期: 2025-12-19
基金资助: *四川师范大学引进人才科研启动费(课题编号:XJ20240136,XJ20240040)
通讯作者:
** E-mail:彭超,E-mail: pengchao@sicnu.edu.cn;陈笑鸽,E-mail: chen@sicnu.edu.cn
引用本文:
蒋娟, 陈笑鸽, 彭超. 过氧化氢的结构探索及工业发展与现代应用* [J]. 化学教育（中英文）, 2026, 47(15): 117-125
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