摘要：科学本质(Nature of Science,NOS)作为科学素养的关键维度,在教科书中的呈现方式与质量对学生理解NOS具有重要影响。本研究通过系统综述41篇国际实证文献,聚焦NOS内容分析所采用的主要方法路径,包括:以关键词为代表的定量内容分析,基于质量评估和结构分布的演绎定性内容分析、演绎-归纳结合及历时-语境导向的定性内容分析,以及融入认知网络分析的混合方法。结果表明,单一方法难以同时兼顾内容覆盖、意义深度与结构关联的分析需求,而融合定性与定量取向的混合方法,可有效提升分析效度。研究进一步提出方法论优化路径,包括跨学科技术整合、数据标准化建设及文化敏感性设计,以促进课程文本研究与教学实践的协同改进。
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