Abstract This paper proposed a novel qualification mechanism for operating large-scale instruments independently. According to the mechanism, applicants could train autonomously via virtual laboratory system on the instrument reservation platform of analysis and testing center, and they would gain the qualification for operating independently after passing unsupervised appraisal and practical test. The virtual laboratory system was very flexible, highly individualized and especially suitable for independently training of applicants with different professional background and operational abilities. This mechanism could promote efficiently scientific optimization management of large-scale instruments sharing platform, improve the efficiency of large equipments, and provide a new thinking of experiment teaching reform.