Vanadium is a rare element and an essential metal element of human. The chemistry of vanadium with two hundred years history is briefly introduced herein. The emphasis of this paper is on the application of vanadium compounds in industry catalysis, secondary battery and the study on potential application on enzyme catalysis, anti-diabetes and anticancer drugs in medicine field.

In this paper, reform of the practice course system of applied chemistry was explored under the driving force of cultivating applied talents. A novel practice system integrated specialty experiment, practical training and production practice with the goal of synthesis and characterization of fine chemicals and fine chemical production process. Through the CDIO mode and teaching methods reform, the practice courses were proved to be effective for the personnel training, improved the students' ability to solve practical problems, and realized the goal of training applied talents.

In order to solve the problems of students' difficultly understanding of principles and concepts in physical chemistry, and to let the concepts and principles become vivid and easy to understand, a distinctive analogy teaching method was introduced in the teaching practice. Key points of the method were described in this paper, and nine typical examples were cited in details.

Aimed at training applied talents, and combined with the teaching condition, a teaching design based on BOPPPS was introduced into the course of instrumental analysis. The teaching design reformed the teaching of instrumental analysis by six parts, which included bridge in, learning objective, pre-assessment, participatory learning, post assessment and summary. The teaching design focused on the active participation of students in classroom and the teaching feedback in time after class. The purpose of improving students' application ability has been achieved.

Flipped classroom as a new teaching method has been applied in organic chemistry teaching successfully through many methods such as class micro video, classroom seminar, question-answering and summary. According to the nature of course, this paper constructed the flipped classroom mode, designed the learning task list, and took the fourth chapter "enantiomers" as an example to carry out teaching practice, in which the new thoughts of teaching such as first learning to teaching, blended learning, self-learning and PBL learning were introduced. The novel teaching method fully inspired the students' learning interests, cultivated inquiry-based learning ability, which made "teaching" and "learning" become a real organic symbiosis

This paper presented a comprehensive experiment on the design, synthesis, structure and fluorescence characterization of a terbium(Ⅲ) complex. The research frontier of chemistry was integrated into the fundamental knowledge and experimental skills. By adopting our course, the students could understand the concept and theory of coordination chemistry more deeply, and have a preliminary understanding of the relationship between fluorescence and energy level transition. Meanwhile, an opportunity to combine theory with practice would also be given by delicate instrument manipulation, and the students would have the experimental skills and experience developed in our regular courses.

Taking "determination of the polarization curve of carbon steel in ammonium bicarbonate solution" in physical chemistry experiment as an example, this article explored teaching mode for online and offline flipped experiment teaching of SPOC based on ubiquitous learning.The teaching design idea was as follows:Experiment was connected with theory to cultivate students' basic skills before class, the experiment was linked with the major to cultivate students' innovative thinking in the class, the experiment was integrated with production to cultivate students' application ability after class.The practice showed that the teaching mode not only expanded the contents of the experiment, but also greatly inspired students' exploration enthusiasm and innovative thinking, and thus cultivated the students' practical ability.

Azines based fluorescent sensor with phenolic OH as recognition sites was synthesized and characterized, the anions binding and sensing abilities of which were studied by UV-vis absorption and fluorescent emission spectrum. The results indicated that the sensor could detect fluoride anions by colorimetric and fluorescent methods. Compound 1 could act as a ratiometric fluorescent sensor for anions, due to the deprotonation of OH, and the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism was responsible for the ratiometric fluorescence change. Through this experiment, not only allows students to master how to operate the UV-visible absorption and fluorescence emission spectrophotometers, but also to cultivate the research interest in the field of molecular recognition and photochemical sensing.

A systematic comprehensive experiment including the preparation and investigation on the defect and photoactivity of nano-TiO₂ particles and films was established in this paper. The electrochemical workstations were used for the evaluation of photoelectrochemical activity. The students who finish this experiment could gain not only acknowledges on the general synthetic methods of semiconductor nanoparticles and films, but also techniques about the evaluation of photoactivity using photo/electrochemical measurements. This experiment was constructed with the aim at training the chemistry-application ability of students through the whole process of "chemical synthesis→investigation on relationship between substance structures and properties→application". At the same time, this experiment could also draw students' attentions on the solar energy conversion and utilization, as well as researches and applications of photocatalytic oxidation techniques used in environmental treatment.

The content of metabolism and regulation is too abstract and boring to be learned for many learners, while it is the most important and the largest part of biochemistry. For the higher vocational college students, who have poorer knowledge of chemistry and relatively weaker ability of studying and understanding than undergraduates, learning metabolism and regulation is more challenging. According to years of teaching experience, six teaching methods were provided on the base of characteristics and inherent regularity in the knowledge of metabolism and regulation, including researching English original textbooks, learning terms by means of reaction equations, learning reaction with the help of Arabia digital, and so on. These methods displayed the teaching idea of"Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach him how to fish and you feed him for a lifetime".

In the process of teaching and performance evaluation of organic chemistry course for clinical medical specialty, the Team Based Learning (TBL) teaching method and the Academic Practice Assessment Group (GRAPA) evaluation system were adopted respectively. The results showed that the reform group was higher than the control group in the degree of student's interests in learning, participation of teaching activities and satisfaction about the course. The average score of the courses was 76.3(control group) and 87.9(reform group) respectively, and the t test (p<0.01) showed that there were significant differences in the scores of the two groups. The average score and the number of students whose score was 90 points or more of reform group were significantly more than that of control group. Therefore, new teaching method and the way of evaluation are beneficial to stimulate students' interests in learning, cultivate students' autonomous learning ability and evaluate the learning effect objectively.

According to the chemical valence rule and VSEPR,a number-counting method of valence shell electron pair of central atom in the poly-atom molecule was proposed and the classification of valence shell electron pairs in the logic rule of classification was carried out, that is, the valence shell electron pairs were classified into structure-determining and non-structure-determining valence shell electron pair. The geometry of molecules is determined by the structure-determining valence shell electron pair.

This paper discovered the reason of the inconsistence of the theoretical formula and the measured data was that the theoretical formula was deduced according to the condition that reference electrode was connected to the positive electrode in composite electrode, however, in the test, it is not the reference electrode that connects with the positive electrode in composite electrode, but the indicating electrode. Based on this, we further explored the equation of EMF and ion concentration in the case of substance to be determined being the anion or cation:E_cell=K±0.059 2/nlgc_i. The conclusions are as follows:(1) In the equation,+ or-of the sign behind K, in other words, with the increasing of measured ion concentrations, whether electromotive force will be rising or not depends on the charge of the ion itself and the connection between the indicator electrode and the reference electrode with positive negative pole of apparatus;(2) Quantitative calculation in standard comparison method and standard addition method also needs to consider the positive or negative sign behind the K. The quantitative formula is not the same under different conditions. It is suggested to calculate the sample content by combining the Nernst equation.