In this article, we aim to provide a broad overview of the development background and history of green chemistry. More specifically, we emphatically elaborate the basic principles of green chemical reaction and the progresses of green chemistry in the fields of atom economy, green raw materials, green catalysts, green solvents, and green chemical products. We hope to promote the understanding and cognition of society and public about green chemistry through our introduction in this review.

The open online course of Principles of Chemical Engineering for the majors of chemistry, material, environment, pharmaceutical sciences, with 3~4 credits has been constructed by the teaching group of chemical engineering in Zhejiang Normal University. There are micro-videos of 101 knowledge points, in which explain the unit operations of fluid flow, fluid transportation machinery, heat transfer as well as distillation and absorption in detail, and briefly introduce the unit operations such as the separation of heterogeneous system, mass transfer apparatus, evaporation as well as extraction and drying. The course has been online and run for two years on Zhejiang Institutions of Higher Learning Online Open Course Sharing Platform. The teaching practice of more than one thousand of students from different universities shows that the blended learning mode, which combines students' proactive learning of knowledge points through micro-videos before class with the offline flipped class, fully gives play to the students' initiative, turns the teacher into the organizer and facilitator in class, and greatly improves the teaching quality and effect. Meanwhile, the open online course enables the interconnection and sharing among the high-quality courses and is becoming the future trend for the reform and development of higher education.

The abstract concepts, massive formulas and classical conclusions in the course of physical chemistry make the undergraduates feel that this course may be useless for the cutting-edge research. In order to overcome this false impression, we try to reform the teaching by combining the course with cutting-edge research. The main examples include the following three aspects:(1) The application of △G criterion to analyze the thermodynamic requirements of water splitting reactions for hydrogen generation under light or electricity; (2) The application of interionic attraction theory and electric double layer theory to explain the ion selectivity of nanopores; (3) The derivation of the electromotive force of concentration cells using the concept of chemical potential and electrochemical potential. This exploration on the role of fundamental principles in cutting-edge research broadens the students' horizons and interests in learning, which results in an improvement in the teaching effect.

Mobile learning changes the way of learning with the benefits of mobility, ubiquity, interactivity, and flexibility. After the mobile learning based on the online teaching platform introduced into the class of physical chemistry, the blended teaching mode of online plus offline, in-class plus extra-curricular were formed. The practice of the blended learning mode based on the mobile learning platform mobilizes students' enthusiasm and autonomy, improves the teaching quality, enhances the quality of talents and was praised by students.

The teaching content of living polymerization plays an important role in the course of polymer chemistry. In this paper, the living polymerization kinetics of gaseous monomers is supplemented, which enriches the teaching content of living polymerization and makes the students understand living polymerization more deeply.

The paper focuses on the design of a simple vapor generator which is machined the heating equipment and the water-storage equipment. Compared to the traditional vapor generator in distillation experiment, this equipment can be easily installed and energy saved. Moreover, the operation in experimental teaching is efficient, safe, and reliability.

A supported noble metal catalyst was prepared and its performance of catalytic oxidation of CO was tested, the multi-phase catalysis and modern test technology are combined with physical chemistry experiment teaching. The Ag/SiO₂ catalyst was prepared by incipient-wetness impregnation method. The structure and morphology of the catalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), N₂ adsorption-desorption curve and temperature programmed reduction (H₂-TPR). The influence of the silver loading on the catalytic oxidation activity of CO was discussed based on the analysis of the data of the material and the results of the performance test, and the mechanism of the catalytic reaction was further explored. This experiment will enable students to acquire the frontiers of the catalytic discipline, understand the catalytic reaction and the basic principles of various modern test techniques. It can also improve students' comprehensive experimental ability, stimulate independent thinking and innovative consciousness, which is beneficial to the cultivation of innovative talents.

In this paper, an experimental method was developed to improve the test method of n-butyl acetate etch in the chemical three-component system liquid-liquid equilibrium phase graphing experiment. The improvement was that the original volume measurement was changed into the experimental operation method of volume measuring matched with the mass measuring. Based on that method, the feasibility of several new green experiment systems, n-propyl acetate/n-hexanol/isopropyl acetate-ethanol-water systems in this experiment were investigated, and their experimental results were compared at last.

Herein we reported the synthesis of 6-amino hexanoic acid starting from cyclohexanone via three steps including oximation, Beckmann rearrangement, and hydrolysis. After purification, the structure of 6-amino-hexanoic acid was confirmed by ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. The experiment, combining tightly with organic synthesis curriculum, covers a lot of experimental operation and is suitable for comprehensive chemistry experiment for students.

In order to let students understand the properties and applications of nanomaterials, a research-oriented comprehensive experiment, the preparation of invisible fluorescent ink, was developed. Meanwhile its corresponding experimental items were also carefully introduced. A novel N-doped Carbon dots with high quantum yield was rapidly prepared by microwave reaction,The hurdles that CDs occupied tedious preparation methods were overcame to make the preparation of CDs achieve in the experimental curricula. The morphology and structure were described via TEM, FAM, XRD,IR and XPS. The stability and photochemical properties was studied by uv-vis and fluorescence spectrometers. The interest and practicality were improved by the CDs was prepared as invisible fluorescent ink. The comprehensive experiment was suitable for teaching for undergraduates.

In this paper, a rapid estimated value of melamine content in milk was carried out by using color changes generated by the interaction between Au nanoparticles and melamine.Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to characterize the morphology of Au nanoparticles before and after the interaction of melamine to clarify the mechanism. Comprehensive chemical experiments for the quantitative determination of melamine in milk by drawing standard working curve with UV-visible absorption spectral data. The experiment is close to life and can be applied to practice. Meanwhile, it is also helpful for students to master the basic operations of inorganic chemistry and analytical chemistry, which has a significant impact on enhancing students' ability to analyze and solve problems and improving students' scientific literacy.

This paper discussed the reform and practice of experimental teaching of drug synthesis technology in higher vocational education. Abandoning the shortcomings of traditional experimental teaching, focusing on teaching objectives and curriculum characteristics, the experimental teaching project was designed according to the idea of "from basic experiment to comprehensive experiment to innovative experiment". Teaching design with systematic method of work process and the course evaluation method were discussed and explored. The desired teaching effect was obtained.

With the continuous integration of information technology in education and teaching practice, flipped courses have been widely applied in vocational education teaching. Taking organic chemistry course as an example, this paper discusses the teaching design process of anchored flipped classroom teaching mode, including micro design, anchor design, object design, content design, resource design, interaction design, and evaluation design. The purpose is to promote the new concept and mode of vocational education teaching, explore teaching design ideas, and enhance the teaching ability of teachers in vocational colleges.

A new open source moodle plugin package specialized for organic chemistry is created to help to draw and compare chemical structures directly in the web based homework or quiz. The package provides some advanced features such as substructure comparison and conventional perspective forms drawing, thus it especially suitable for the daily practices of undergraduate students. The package has already been applied to the organic chemistry course in our university and has been proven to be quite helpful to the learning process of students.

Several issues concerning the application of phase rule in the liquid-solid equilibrium phase diagram (first diagram) of two-component solid states totally insoluble system and concerning the liquid-solid equilibrium phase diagram (second diagram) of two-component system with unstable compound formed were discussed and clarified. It is concluded that the liquid-solid equilibrium regions and the solid-solid equilibrium region in the first diagram should be treated separately for applying phase rule, and kinetic factors (or called actual factors) should be considered in the second diagram. Taking this as an example, the relationship between textbook and teacher is analyzed.

In order to deepen the students to understand the standard addition methods (SAM), we choose it as one of the special topics in the course named selected readings for english literature in analytical chemistry. Some lively contents on SAM, which are different from the description in the current textbook, are received in the open environments in terms of learning resources, learning style and evaluation for the learning results, through a series of problem-based active learning and discussion activities which are composed of learning, showing and expanding stages. Firstly, 2 types of SAM in the current textbooks are increased up to 9 types. Secondly, extrapolation method for SAM described in current textbooks is modified with interpolation method for SAM. Thirdly, the volume-based SAM in the current textbooks is expanded to the gravity-based SAM. Fourthly, the newly emerging new method named diluted standard addition calibration is totally different from the SAM discussed here. It is an effective teaching approach combining the traditional concepts in the textbook with their new connotation and new applications in an open teaching and learning environment. It has at least three advantages as follows:First of all, the teaching activities developed are accepted by students because this teaching approach is based on students' existing knowledge. Moreover, the course stimulates students' interests in learning because the reading materials selected in the course closely track the new progress of analytical chemistry. Finally, the logic of the course is clear, since it is composed of some special topics.

In the fundamental education of chemistry in many domestic universities, the synthesis of compounds with complicated structures is still not much explored. This is detrimental to the systematic training of future research fellows of chemistry. This paper focuses on introducing an undergraduate chemistry experiment in a foreign university. Through an efficient aldol condensation reaction, facile synthesis of tetraphenylcyclopentadienone (TPCP) is achieved. At the same time, the chirality of this kind of non-chiral-carbon-containing molecules is also discussed.