问题讨论与思考
氯离子、硫酸根离子和硝酸根离子对三价铁离子水解平衡影响的文献综述
张前勇* , 李桂新
新疆师范大学化学化工学院 新疆乌鲁木齐 830054
Literature Review on Influence of Chloride, Sulfate, and Nitrate Ions on Hydrolysis
ZHANG Qian-Yong* , LI Gui-Xin
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China
摘要： 2024年高中化学教材将“氯化铁水解探究实验”修订为“硫酸铁水解探究实验”,通过综述国内外文献,探讨了氯离子和硫酸根离子对三价铁离子水解平衡的影响机制。研究发现:氯离子通过配位作用抑制三价铁离子的水解,并因形成黄色配合物导致溶液显色异常,干扰实验现象的直观观察;而硫酸根离子虽然配位能力更强,但其配合物颜色较浅(几乎无色),且能促进三价铁离子的沉淀。因此,选用硫酸铁替代氯化铁可规避显色干扰,更符合教学观察与实验设计的需求。本研究为教材修订提供了理论依据,并深化了对阴离子影响三价铁离子水解行为的认识。
关键词： 三价铁离子 ,
水解平衡 ,
配位作用 ,
阴离子影响
收稿日期: 2025-08-17
通讯作者:
* E-mail:1501098872@qq.com
引用本文:
张前勇, 李桂新. 氯离子、硫酸根离子和硝酸根离子对三价铁离子水解平衡影响的文献综述[J]. 化学教育（中英文）, 2026, 47(7): 102-110
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