In the late 1970s, cyanoacrylates were introduced to the field of forensic science to develop latent fingerprints on non-porous and semi-porous substrates. Discovery and application history of cyanoacrylates, mechanisms of polymerization and fingerprint development, and enhancement of developed fingerprints are presented to enrich content of courses related to polymers, organic dyes and fluorescence.

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a highly efficient chelating agent, which can be used in brownfield remediation, especially in the determination and removal of heavy metal pollutants in brownfield space (soil, water and air) and the promotion of microbial reaction in the environment. In this paper, firstly, the concept of brownfield was introduced, and the application of EDTA to the remediation of brownfield was expounded from two perspectives, namely, chemical elution preparation prepared with EDTA as chelating agent, electrochemical flocculant, complexation nanofiltration agent and EDTA analytical titration. Combined with the status quo and a successful cases of brownfield remediation abroad, the effect of chelating agent EDTA and coordination reaction in brownfield remediation and the status quo of brownfield governance in China are summarized, which can provide some references for the practical application of EDTA and its related reactions in brownfield remediation.

In the new economic era, new requirements are proposed for the fine chemicals curriculum system for applied chemistry professionals. Starting from the analysis of the value of establishing the fine chemicals curriculum system, this paper studies the current situations of the fine chemicals education and puts forward new design ideas for the fine chemicals curriculum system from the dimensions of concepts, curriculum organization, training objectives, and the training subjects' demands. Meanwhile, the corresponding implementation paths are displayed from the four dimensions, so as to enable the curriculum system for the fine chemical engineering for applied chemistry professionals to better adapt to the requirements of the new economic era.

As a kind of high-order thinking, analogical thinking plays an important role in cultivating innovative talents. Although it is hard to quantitatively evaluate the cultivation of this high-order thinking, and there is no clear guidance from the research of science education, it is closely related to the details of analogy teaching design. Therefore, according to the structure-mapping theory of analogical reasoning, the mapping diagrams were designed to present analogical concepts on organic chemistry class, and to guide students to pay attention to the relationship structure so as to strengthen their understanding of analogical reasoning process and promote their high-order thinking in organic chemistry teaching.

The basis of chemical thermodynamics and three oxidation stages of glucose in vivo are first introduced briefly. Then the thermochemical principles of in vivo oxidation of glucose was revealed. The in vivo and in vitro oxidation of glucose conforms to Hess' Law. The action of enzyme and the energy of ATP increase the number of activated molecules to achieve the in vivo oxidation of glucose at ambient temperature and pressure. The multi-step oxidation of glucose in vivo is helpful to obtain the maximum power, while the multi-step procedure can effectively regulate the release rate of energy in vivo. The first two stages of glucose oxidation in vivo demonstrate that glucose can be adapted to different conditions to provide energy for organisms. The intermediates of different stages also play an important role in life activities. The triple-action of ATP in the in vivo oxidation of glucose is revealed through an extended discussion. ATP is an energy form to increase the number of activated molecules and for energy storage. Moreover, ATP has the characteristics of a catalyst.

Cram empirical rules have important applications in judging nucleophilic addition stereoselectivity of carbonyl group having a proximal stereocenter. Newman projection combined with Cram rule is often used to predict main products in current textbooks. Other commonly used conformational expressions such as saw frame, umbrella frame and Fischer projection often require conformational transformation when Cram rules are used. However, this transformation has high requirements on spatial imagination and abstraction, and is prone to errors in learning. It is a difficulty in organic chemistry learning. In this paper, the use of Cram rules is directly discussed through in-depth analysis by using other commonly used conformational expressions, such as saw frame, umbrella frame and Fischer projection, so as to avoid the transformation between conformational expressions that are free of charge, laborious and prone to errors.

The synthesis of ethyl acetate catalyzed by FeCl₃·6H₂O was used as the teaching content. The whole experiment process was reformed and explored by using the “flip+segmentation” mixed teaching method. An effective way of “flip+segmentation”was realized via preparing the learning resources by teachers, students' self-learning, classroom segmentation, interactive communication and follow-up evaluation during organic chemistry experiment. The practical results show that the mixed teaching mode can significantly promote students' understanding and mastery of experimental content, significantly increase the time for students to operate autonomously and effectively reduce the safety hazards in the experimental process.

This paper focuses on the problems of frequent students accidents and low teaching effect in chemical experiment. This work takes some basic operations in the inorganic and analytical chemistry experiment (I) as example, and the eye movement hotspot map is used to study the comparison of the teachers and students in the experimental operation. Besides, this work analyzes the causes of students' distraction and tries to explain the long-standing educational problems from a new perspective. On this basis, some corresponding suggestions have been put forward. It is clear that the standardization of experimental operations should follow the principle of gradual, repeated training and gradual strengthening, and provide scientific theoretical basis and support for further optimizing the design of experimental courses and developing the practice of chemistry experiment teaching activities.

Based on the research of sample pretreatment for food safety testing in recent years, a research-oriented instrument analysis experiment was designed and transformed from the scientific research achievement “improved QuEChERS method to extract and determine phthalate plasticizers in aquatic products”. A novel and environmental-friendly method for the analysis of phthalate esters (PAEs) in aquatic products was developed using the modified QuEChERS approach followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. In teaching practice, students participated in the whole procedures of literature review, experimental design and results discussion, which stimulated students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning, and also improved students' scientific research ability and thesis writing ability.

A new device of double eudiometerwas designedfor measuring the relative atomic mass of magnesium, andthe main factors affectingthe determination of relativeatomic mass of magnesium by orthogonal test were discussed. The results showed that the optimal experimental conditions of the device were magnesium strip mass of 0.016 0 g, H₂SO₄ concentration of 2 mol/L and H₂SO₄ dosage of 2 mL. Under above conditions, the atomic mass of magnesium was 24.322 3 and the relative error was 0.071 1%. In addition, this device can effectively overcome the disadvantages of traditional device, such as cumbersome operation, inaccurate control of water level and easy overflow. Therefore, the results reached the requirements of inorganic chemistry experiment.

In order to meet the needs of evaporative crystallization experiment teaching at present, an evaporative crystallization device has been designed based on common glass equipment in laboratory. This device consists of eight parts: digital heating stirring device, evaporating bottle, dropping device, H-tube, casing heat exchanger, condensate receiving device, connecting device and raw material liquid storage tank. It has simple structure and small occupancy space. Furthermore, taking the evaporative crystallization process of copper sulfate solution as an example, its use and operative are studied and explored. Through the shape design, the installation time of the device can be controlled within 15 minutes. The use time is short and the disassembly is convenient. By controlling the concentration and flow rate of raw material liquid, the growth rate and shape of crystal can be tuned. The raw material can be recycled to realize material save. It mainly made of glass is helpful to show the principle clearly. The color of the copper sulfate solution is bright blue which is convenient to demonstrate. In addition, it is energy-saving and environmental protection. This device satisfies the needs of experimental teaching of engineering specialty in colleges and universities.

Aiming at the problems and shortcomings in the current chemistry experiment teaching, we proposed an optimization program for the university chemistry experiment teaching from the perspective of a chemistry undergraduate student. The proposed program includes the use of the network platform in the whole process, the standardization and rigorization to the operation process, the tabulation of the preview report and the experimental report, as well as the expansion of the relative knowledge and background before the experiment and re-intensification after the experiment. It is expected that the paper will provide a useful reference for the improvement of the university chemistry experiment teaching.

Through the data collection tools such as open questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, the paper adopts qualitative research methods to analyze the data from the bottom up, and explores the influencing factors of chemical pre-service teachers' TPACK. The results show that the influencing factors can be divided into objective factors and subjective factors. The objective factors mainly include the external factors at the macro, meso and micro levels. The subjective factors are mainly the knowledge, belief and ability of the chemical pre-service teacher. Based on this, the authors provide a basis for the training of chemical pre-service teachers in China and the subsequent study for the training of them in China.

Based on the advantages ofthe WeChat public platform and mobile network aided teaching, we have reformed the traditional teaching mode ofpublic basic organic chemistry experiment course for non-chemistry majors in agricultural colleges and universities, and established a new “three stages” blendedteaching mode, namely, “Flipped teaching before class, Disabusing and internalization during class, Consolidation andexpansion after class”. Through the practical research, the construction principles of this new blended teaching mode, the design, application and matters needing attention of Wechat public platform are summarized.

Synthesis of phenolic resin is a typical polycondensation reaction experiment in polymer course. The original experimental methods are not compact with the petroleum engineering major, which lead students to understand the synthesis mechanism and oilfield application insufficiently thoroughly. In this paper, the deficiencies of the original experimental methods were discussed. And the ammonia water was replaced by sodium hydroxide water solution as the catalyst for the reaction. The water-soluble phenolic resin has better solubility in water. Furthermore, as a high-temperature crosslinking agent for polyacrylamide, we prepare chemical gel which commonly used in oilfields for profiled control and water blocking. The new experimental methods are more relevant to the application in petroleum engineering, and the experimental operations are more convenient and safe. At the same time, it can help students to understand the theory in the two courses of “Polymer Chemistry and Physics” and “Oilfield Chemistry”, and enhances the ability to solve the problem in engineering application.

Heavy oil four-component analysis using the classic liquid-solid adsorption chromatography method is a very important comprehensive experimental project for petrochemical college students. In the past teaching experiments, it was found that the error of the yield was large. Since the experiment is characterized by complicated flow, various operation steps, and long spent-time, it was difficult to determine the cause of error. Based on the theoretical analysis of the flow and system error of four-component analysis test, it is proposed that the system error is mainly derived from the irreversible adsorption of the sub-large molecular weight and polar sub-strong resin components on the stationary phase of alumina. By changing the flow direction of resin components in the column, the yield of resin components is increased by 6%, the whole yield of heavy oil components is increased from 91%~93% to higher than 98%, and the system error is eliminated bascially.The improved experiments have achieved goodteachingexperimental results, and provide support for the follow-up research.

The master of education is an important source of high-quality teacher resources. In recent years, the development of information technology has brought new opportunities and challenges to the cultivation of education masters. Based on the knowledge framework provided by TPACK, this paper investigated the TPACK level and influencing factors of 230 chemical education masters in China in order to understand whether they have the necessary knowledge for effective technology integration. The results showed that the TPACK level of chemistry education masters was on the upper-middle level; the TPACK level of academic masters was higher than that of professional masters; the learning experience and practical experience had different degrees of influence on TPACK elements; learning ability to TPACK development had no significant impact; TPK, TCK and CK were the main factors affecting the development of TPACK. On this basis, the article proposed relevant strategies to improve the level of TPACK.

A python based program FRPython was developed to perform computer simulation of free radical polymerization for the purpose of undergraduate education. FRPython integrates ordinary differential equations in free radical polymerization system, and calculates the concentrations of initiator, initiator radical, monomer, chain radical, kinetic chain length, and the distribution of polymerization degree. As an example, the polymerization kinetics of polymethyl methacrylate with the initiator benzoyl peroxide was simulated by FRPython. The results indicated the usefulness of using computer simulation as an alternative way to teach pharmacy students free radical polymerization in polymer chemistry course.

Relativemolecularweight calculation plays a nonnegligible role in the scientific quantitative analysis. However, not all calculations can be made with high accuracy: under certain circumstances the length-based estimation is the only way forrelative molecular weight estimation. Thispapersystemically introduces a feasible method based on the averagedrelative molecular weight of monomers. Single-stranded and double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, and proteins are selected here for analysis in order to elucidate and compare the maximal biases based on this methodology. Meanwhile, one rarely explored tip about double stranded DNA is mentioned.

This paper gives a systematic covalent bonding analysis of SO₃ molecule by employing valence-shell electron-pair repulsion theory, valence bond theory, orbital hybridization, and molecular orbital theory. It proposes that the central S atom in the SO₃ molecule is sp² hybridized. The normal and coordination σ bonds, and a delocalized bond existing in the SO₃ molecule are also put forward.

Taking into account the differences between higher education and basic education, the author applied the University STEM Classroom Observation Program (COPUS) to observe and analyze the video of the open class of the “general chemistry” network in China and the United States, and to make drawings and lists based on the data obtained by the code. Through the comparison of the open courses between China and the United States, it is found that the teaching methods of American universities are diversified, the classroom atmosphere is active, the innovative spirit and questioning ability of college students are strong, and teachers are good at using high-tech network platform to assist teaching.