A precise evaluating goal is the premise and guarantee to effectively carry out teaching evaluation and realize the integration of “teaching, learning and evaluation”. In order to design a precise evaluating goal of chemistry classroom teaching, it is necessary to arrange the learning tasks and learning activities reasonably. Besides, the function and level of the literacy in learning activities should be taken into consideration, so does the requirements in academic proficiency. The evaluating perspective and level ought to be set accurately as well. This paper, through presenting a case study of “amount of substance and its unit:Mole”, intends to illustrate how to design an evaluating goal in a scientific way and to articulate it normatively.

This paper is based on the requirements of “changing ideas and balance thinking” in the Senior High School Chemistry Curriculum Standards of China (2017 Edition), and develops the assessment tool of “changing ideas and balance thinking”, uses Rasch model to determine the structural validity of the tool, and then applies the tool. Combined with the test data, this paper investigates the status quo of high school students' “changing ideas and balance thinking”, analyzes the school differences and class differences about students' ability. And also provides some advices for training of “changing ideas and balance thinking”.

Taking “to electroplate buttons with copper” as the subject of project learning and taking electrolytic principle, plating device, plating influencing factors and product evaluation as function-oriented project-learning activities, this paper presents the thoughts on instructional design and the process of teaching practice of electrolysis cell.

Based on the chemistry core literacy, highlighting the “combination of macro and micro”, taking the teaching design and implementation of “understanding the polarity of bond and molecular polarity” as an example, this paper leads to chemical problems through small toothpick experiments. After learning the polarity of the bond and the polarity of the molecule, this paper returns to the polarity characteristics of the organic molecules in our life and lead to a series of properties of the surfactant. From macro to micro, from micro to macro, the combination of macro and micro can realize the landing of the core literacy

This teaching case is an example of project teaching and learning activity based on the reducibility of vitamin C for the grade 1 students in high school who has learned the basic knowledge of redox reaction. Firstly, the project issue is raised by the teacher and students design the plan of solving it which is devided into several sub research tasks through the guide of teacher. Then, students carry out their sub research tasks to assaying the vitamin C in the lemoade. The project is aimed at strengthening the thought anagle of material's oxidability and reducibility, building the experiment thought of assaying the target molecule or other chemical materials, enhancing the know of the functions and values of redox reaction.

In order to improve the current situation that the normal review of chemistry experiments in Senior 3 is difficult to meet the literacy-based requirements about additional test questions of chemistry experiments, this paper proposes a deep learning idea to guide the effective review of chemistry in senior 3,which contains selecting learning themes, designing learning tasks and conducting real-time evaluations. Taking preparation of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, preparation of zinc gluconate, purity determination of zinc gluconate, and construction of cognitive model as the main line, this paper designs a lesson on the preparation and purity determination of zinc gluconate, which provides a design idea and a teaching case for the in-depth review of the chemistry experiments in senior 3.

The paper points out the problems about coordination compounds existing in high school teaching, and elaborates how to guide students to learn coordination compounds better with the help of core literacy in chemistry. The three vital aspects are using hybrid orbital theory to solve the problem of vacant orbitals in central atoms, making an attempt to judge ligating atoms and trying to understand the formation of complexes' inner with the thought of equilibrium.

Taking the quantitative exploration process of experiment “reaction of sodium peroxide and water” in senior high school chemistry, aiming at the abnormal phenomenon that the solution immediately turns dark red when it is dropped into phenolphthalein after reaction, and then gradually the solution turns light or even fades, the reaction process is explored from multiple dimensions by controlling variables. It highlights the important role of quantitative experimental activities in improving students' awareness of experimental exploration and innovation, evidence reasoning, model cognition and other chemical core literacy; sums up the general idea of experimental teaching activities of element compound module; better explains that chemistry is an experiment-based science.

Based on color effect between iodine and starch, a fixing method for fingerprints on starchy paper products developed by iodine fuming through humidification has been proposed. A series of experimental inquiry has been carried out, including identification of starch in common paper products, latent fingerprint development using iodine fuming, and fixing of developed fingerprints by mist spray and ultrasonic atomization.

The experiment of extinguishing ladder candles by carbon dioxide, which appears in the chemistry textbooks is deeply discussed. According to the experimental principle, a self-made ladder candles is created, and the method for dumping carbon dioxide from collecting gas bottle is improved. Based on inquiry into the experiment, it is found that the success rate for this experiment is concerned not only with the distance between the two candles, but also with the diameter of collecting gas bottle mouth. Factors affecting the experiment are considered, and an intuitive, safe and reliable experiment design with high success rate is proposed.

Innovation of scientific instruments is of great significance. Combination method is a common method of innovation. With the main body addition method as the main method and the other combination method as the supplement, and taking the electrolytic saturated experimental water device in textbooks and the chlorine hydrogen combustion device in exercises as the main body, the simple Kaipu generator device, the anti-backdraft device of hydrogen chloride tail gas and the hydrogen soap bubble combustion test method as the additional parts are organically combined, a new demonstration device for industrial preparation of hydrochloric acid was designed. The application steps of combinatorial method in innovation of chemical instruments are summarized, which is beneficial to popularization and application.

At a certain temperature and pressure, the dissolution of chlorine in aqueous solution is affected by many factors. It is not enough to consider the equilibrium between chlorine gas and water. The equilibrium of Cl^-₃ and the salting-out effect also play a key role. Here, in order to further improve the understanding of chlorine gas dissolution, this paper uses industrial factors and measured data to explore the influencing factors of chlorine gas dissolution in different situations.

Physical models of matter structure can turn micro phenomena into macro phenomena, make abstract things concrete, improve students' model cognition level and modeling ability. Domestic physical models of matter structure have some shortcomings, such as single style and high cost. This paper introduces a variety of novel and practical models developed by researchers, based on literatures of Journal of Chemical Education in recent ten years. The common ideas are using life materials or the 3D printing technology to make models, or even using the existing model directly. These methods reduce the production cost of the model with materials in life, give students a space for innovation with modular design, and develop students' comprehensive ability with interdisciplinary ideas, which provide reference and inspiration for the teaching and research of chemical structure in middle school.

This paper analyzes the publication situation of high school organic chemistry teaching in the Journal of Chemical Education in 2010-2018 according to the years, keywords and teaching characteristics, and introduces its seven representative papers that have exploratory, intuitive, applied, interesting, technical, practical and interdisciplinary teaching characteristics. Besides, the teaching characteristics and research trends of foreign high school organic chemistry are summarized in this paper to provide reference for high school organic chemistry teaching and research.

The questions in the preliminary contest of Chemistry Olympiad for Beijing high school students in 2019 are designed based on the basic knowledge of chemistry and its natural growth points, especially the core literacy of chemistry and essential skills required by the competition. The given information in the questions is closely related to the real situations of production, people's life, and chemical frontiers. Students are assessed in their ability to answer questions and to integrate theory with practice, by which cause to solve real problems with chemistry knowledge. This paper analyzes the intention, background and the solutions of test questions, which gave a strategy to use the set of test questions for teachers and students.

The history of Chinese chemistry is an important educational resource and is conducive to the cultivation of cultural self-confidence. The five points of the current history of Chinese chemistry in basic education are urgently needed to be changed,That is,requirements for curriculum standards, the “simple” of the teaching materials, teachers have no way to start, the “ignorant” of the students and the “scarcity and dispersion” of the research. From the three dimensions of the content (elements and compounds, concept principles, chemical experiments, organic chemistry), time (pre Qin to Yuan Ming and Qing) and chemist, the important Chinese chemical historical materials related to middle school chemistry are reduced. It also provides corresponding strategies and suggestions for the integration of Chinese chemical history resources into teaching.

Through textual analysis of the discovery process of fluorine from scientific epistemology, scientific methodology, chemical thought and other aspects, it could be seen that the discovery of fluorine was not a process that the elemental substances were discovered first and then the element concepts formed, but a verification process from hypothesis to objective reality. Based on practice, scientists predicted the existence of fluorine by logical thinking and intuitive thinking and explored and innovated research methods constantly. The fluorine hypothesis was finally confirmed and the periodic law of elements was also verified. This caused the concept of halogen elements to mature and the evolution of chemical elements.