In 2020, the Ministry of Education promulgated the General High School Chemistry Curriculum Standards (2017 Edition Revised in 2020), which has changed significantly in both its form and content compared to the General High School Chemistry Curriculum Standards (Experimental) promulgated in 2003. The new version of the curriculum standard provides a comprehensive description of curriculum nature, curriculum objectives, curriculum structure, curriculum content and so on, which also brings about changes in the difficulty of the curriculum. This paper draws on existing research methods to quantitatively study the difficulty of the curriculum, using curriculum breadth, curriculum depth, and curriculum time as variables. The conclusions drawn in the paper help high school teachers and researchers to have a fuller and more comprehensive understanding of the difficulty of the curriculum, so that they can scientifically and effectively formulate teaching objectives, implement curriculum content and carry out teaching evaluation.

The Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan proposes to achieve “carbon peak” by 2030 and “carbon neutrality” by 2060. Therefore, a 6-lessons project-based learning activities with the big idea of “carbon neutrality” was designed and implemented. Guided by the “carbon neutrality” idea and driven by the task of formulating low-carbon action plans, students experienced a series of project activities such as exploring the sources and directions of carbon dioxide, finding solutions to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and increasing carbon dioxide absorption, and analyzing the feasibility of solutions,and continuously improved the projects “Low-carbon Action Plans”. After the implementation of teaching, good results have been achieved, the students’ discipline concept, understanding of the value of the discipline, social responsibility, and problem solving skills have been significantly developed. Based on the teaching practice, the strategies for designing and implementing project activities are refined.

Taking making weather bottles as the core of the project and integrating with the unit knowledge of solution. Through a series of activities such as understanding the weather bottles, revealing the mystery of crystal change and making weather bottles, learn to understand the composition, solubility and scientific quantitative experimental design method of solution from multiple angles. The microcosmic nature of solution formation process is the difficulty of students’ learning. Multiple conductivity meters are used to measure the change of ion concentration at different positions to form the dissolution process curve of potassium nitrate. By analyzing the change of curve data, a bridge between macro identification and micro analysis is well built to help students break through the learning difficulty. In the process of solving this complex and comprehensive practical problem, students can effectively develop the core qualities of chemistry disciplines such as macro identification, concept changing, evidence reasoning, scientific exploration and innovative spirit. Besides, students can develop scientific values.

This lesson takes food self-heating bag as the theme, reviews the properties and uses of acids and bases by analyzing the components of the self-heating bag, deciphering the heating principle, calculating the proportion of raw materials, preparing self-heating bags. From the perspective of transformation view and element view to understand the law of material transformation, the general ideas of material research and the basic process of scientific inquiry are highlighted and shown. The methods of composition identification and quantitative determination of the mixture are summarized through the design of experimental scheme to determine the content of sodium carbonate in the self-heating bag. The influencing factors of gas quantitative determination are summarized. This paper presents a specific teaching example of subject concept and subject method, and highlights the basic methods of material research, qualitative inspection and quantitative determination.

The teaching effect of introductory course plays an important role in students’ follow-up study. Based on the analysis of the teaching implication of introductory course in senior one chemistry, this paper selects materials from both historical and modern, both life and scientific research, and both domestic and foreign, designing comparative teaching situations and trying to bring students into real chemistry science, lead the direction of high school chemistry study, open students’ international vision and cultivate students’ patriotism. Combined with the questionnaire survey, the teaching effect of this class is reflected.

Taking the sulfur-containing tail gas treatment of Changling Petrochemical as a real situation, the teaching design is carried out from the following four aspects: exploring the source of SO₂, its harm, absorption and monitoring. Guided by the correct values, this class aims to cultivate students’ key competence by solving problems in the real situation, deepen the understanding of the relationship between material transformation, and enhance students’ sense of responsibility for the state and enterprises.

Taking “how to extract magnesium from seawater” as the subject and exploring the prospect, method, and feasibility of building magnesium industry system in Beihai City, this paper presents the design and process of senior high school chemistry’s project teaching. With the rich marine resources of Beihai City, Guangxi Province, a situation-based task was created. According to its logical planning, this task was divided into six sub-tasks in a collaborative discussion between the teacher and students. Students used cognitive strategies such as information collecting, classifying, comparing, reasoning and experiment, discussing core problems, and adopting team-evaluation method in order to complete the tasks. Finally, they presented their results with slides in the report, and achieve project objectives by evaluating, discussing and debating.

Traditional experimental methods are difficult to judge whether dry ice can react with sodium hydroxide solution, and can not show its reaction process. The reaction between dry ice and sodium hydroxide solution can be judged through the experiment of verifying the product, and the reaction without obvious phenomenon can be successfully transformed into obvious phenomenon reaction. The digital experiment of handheld technology is used to convert the “invisible” chemical experiment phenomenon into “observable” data and curve images, and explore the relationship between the reaction product and the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution, so as to realize the in-depth learning of the chemical properties of carbon dioxide.

In order to fully understand the current situation and needs of the professional development of middle school teaching-researchers, and to explore the effective strategies for their professional development and teaching-research work, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 123 middle school chemistry teaching-researchers in Guangdong province, 14 chemistry teaching-researchers were interviewed. The basic information, professional affection and status, professional ability and development and organization of regional teaching-research activities of middle school chemistry teaching-researchers in the whole province were analyzed. By finding the law of change and understanding the advantages and disadvantages, then this paper put forward suggestions for the development of teaching and research staff and the high-quality development of teaching and research work.

It was found that students used two chemical models with different levels of abstraction in problem solving, the top students used more chemical models with higher levels of abstraction. the models with different levels of abstraction had no obvious influence on the accuracy of chemical problem solving, but had significant influence on the efficiency of problem solving.

Taking crystal structure teaching as an example, guiding students to use VESTA software to build typical crystal unit cell models can greatly stimulate learning interest and reduce cognitive difficulty. Through the construction of unit cell models such as diamond, magnesium, copper, sodium chloride, fluorite, the rotation and observation of space-filling models, and the insertion of crystal planes and coordination polyhedrons, students can break through the difficulties such as atomic fraction coordinates, space utilization calculations, the insight of crystal voids, these are the specific teaching strategies supported by VESTA. In the process of experiencing real modeling, students deepen their understanding of prototypes, gain knowledge and happiness, and develop the chemistry discipline core literacy of evidence reasoning and model cognition.

Aiming at the shortcomings in the teaching of the reaction of sodium and oxygen, the digital innovation experiment of handheld technology was applied, and the T-shaped tube of the innovative reaction device was independently designed to quantitatively explore the reaction of sodium and oxygen. This study used an oxygen sensor to measure the changes in oxygen content in a closed system to help students understand the difference between sodium reacting with oxygen in the air from a qualitative and quantitative perspective based on the tetra-representation model at room temperature and heating conditions. The oxygen, carbon dioxide and humidity sensors were used to explore the influence of carbon dioxide and water vapor in the air on sodium from a quantitative perspective, forming a scientific understanding of the reaction of sodium and oxygen.

In view of the abnormal phenomena in the experiment of catalytic decomposition of H₂O₂ by FeCl₃ solution, the effects of reactant and catalyst concentration, solution pH, Cl^- effect and other factors on the decomposition rate of H₂O₂ catalyzed by Fe³⁺ were investigated by means of handheld technology and control variable method, and the optimal experimental conditions of catalytic decomposition of H₂O₂ by FeCl₃ solution were explored.

YOUNGLEDΛ oxygen generator is one of the main equipment used for the prevention and treatment of symptoms of hypoxia in the current family. It has the characteristics of pure oxygen production, sufficient oxygen production, fast oxygen supply, easy to carry, and simple operation. This article analyzes the reaction principle and product structure of the oxygen generator, explores the properties of sodium percarbonate, compares oxygen production efficiency of hydrogen peroxide,and reveals the basis for the selection of oxygen generators in practical applications. This article designs and manufactures domestic oxygen generator, and analyzes the design ideas of real product formation and processing, so as to cultivate students’ engineering skills and provide reference for teachers’ teaching.

This paper investigates the development of chemical experiment teaching in senior high schools in Ganzhou through questionnaires. Combined with the actual development and operation of chemical experiment community in Ganzhou, the paper studies the establishment and operation of chemical experimental community, carrying out interesting chemical experiment community activities, the participation of members in chemistry research activities, filming the original interest experimental video, and the official account of the chemical experiment societies, and so on. The results show that: it is feasible and operational to develop chemical experiment community in senior high school, by carrying out chemical experiment community activities, students’ abilities in many aspects can be exercised, and the development of students’ chemical core literacy can be promoted.

The chemical properties of metals have always been one of the key contents of the senior high school entrance examination. Through the research and analysis of the senior high school entrance examination questions related to the “chemical properties of metals” in recent four years, it is found that there are the following problems that can be discussed: (1) judge the activity of metals according to the intensity of the reaction between metals and acids; (2) confuse the lively of metal with the activity of metal; (3) the reaction between metal and acid presents a “one oblique two flat” image relationship; (4) the test questions exceed the requirements of compulsory education chemistry curriculum standards. In view of the above four situations, this paper discusses several groups of senior high school entrance examination questions of “chemical properties of metals”.

By analyzing and discussing some real experimental problems selected from adaptive college entrance examination in 2021, this paper explains the experiment phenomenon, images and data, and then puts forward some relevant teaching suggestions. The real experimental problem is one of the sources of the real situational test. This paper analyzes and compares real experimental problems in tests, chemistry textbooks and teaching process, to pave the way and guide the implementation of the new college entrance examination proposition principle of “chemistry discipline core literacy”.

Using “Web of science” and “CNKI” databases as retrieval sources, this paper searches the domestic and foreign “amount of substance” research papers from 2000 to 2020, and classifies and summarizes according to the research contents of the literature. The research shows that: at present, the teaching research on the subject of “amount of substance” mainly involves: concept history consideration, textbook research, teacher development, student cognition and teaching strategy research. Through the relevant research results at home and abroad, it provides suggestions for domestic research and practice.

This paper takes 1 924 papers about middle school chemistry experiment teaching research from 2001 to 2020 as the research object, and compares and analyzes these articles by bibliometrics. The results show that the research highlights of middle school chemistry experiment teaching research show a trend of concentration, the structure of social network is stable, but the interiors of research topics are scattered. In the future, researchers can pay more attention to the following aspects: perfect the experimental teaching system, and reflect the value orientation based on discipline core literacy, attach importance to innovative research and enrich the form of experimental teaching, deepen research content and overcome the weakness in experiment teaching research.