This paper introduced the structure, characteristic, similarities and differences of monascin and rubropunctatin, and presented the composition and separation of monascus pigment. Monascus pigments play a positive role in human health, and hidden danger might also exist.

"Chemical reaction rate" embodies the concept of particle, the concept of experiment and the concept of nature of science and so on, and it is also the important carrier of improving students' scientific literacy. This paper compared the contents compilation of "chemical reaction rate" in British Salters Advanced Chemistry textbooks and domestic chemistry textbooks, such as the content selection, the content arrangement and the content presentation. Finally this paper elaborated some enlightenment of chemistry textbooks' compilation and chemistry teaching.

Based on the research of electrochemistry cognitive model and other relevant research, this paper constructed the teaching model and performance index of primary battery in senior one combined with the specific knowledge and activity experience, and developed tools of pre-test and post-test. Taking the teaching practice of single liquid primary battery, hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell and double liquid primary battery as example, this paper analyzed the similarities and differences of teaching designs from three dimensions:the selection of situational material, the design of teaching activities and the adjustment of classroom behavior. This paper also summarized the effective teaching strategies of the establishment of the cognitive model of primary battery in senior one.

This paper explained the basic connotation of pedagogical content knowing (PCKg) and the teaching of promoting the students' cognitive development. On this basis, combined with the characteristics of chemistry and "primary battery", this paper discussed the construction of teachers' PCKg about "primary battery" from following aspects:subject knowledge, students' knowledge, chemistry curriculum knowledge, teaching strategy and representation.

Combined with specific case, this paper expounded the 5 levels of the application of the history of science in teaching:Concept memorization level, interest level, concept shift level, scientific method level and social culture levels. This paper also analyzed teaching objectives, theoretical basis, the key points of the implementation and shortcomings of each level, and pointed out the development direction in the future.

This paper studied the connotation construction of Pedagogical Content Knowledge(PCK) and the development of teachers' PCK deepened into the level of specific teaching content. On the platform of the project of "high-end lesson planning" for the Institute of Chemical Education, Beijing Normal University, and taking "primary battery" of Chemistry 2 and the Principal of Chemical Reaction as the carrier, this paper put forward the analytical framework, developed the questionnaire based on this, and investigated in senior high school in Beijing before, during and after the training of "high-end lesson planning". The results showed that:In the course of "high-end lesson planning", the first dimension and the second dimension of PCK had been developed, among which the students' learning knowledge and teaching strategy knowledge were most obvious in these 2 dimensions, the improvement of the second dimensions were more significant, such as the electrochemical thinking model, the characteristics of students' cognitive development, the functional value of knowledge and the explicit expression of ideas. The teachers thought that the links of research and trial preparation in the training, analysis to explain, question and discussion of the guidance, questioning and discussion were the main reason for improvement of their PCK.

Combined the method of quantitative and qualitative, this paper studied the characteristics of senior high school students' quantitative abilities based on the conceptual cognitive levels. The results showed that the constructed quantitative abilities framework conformed to students' cognitive development, and the reliability and validity of the instrument were examined by the Rasch model with well results. The distribution of students' quantitative abilities displayed the pattern of U. In addition to that, students' mathematics and chemistry achievement had significant positive correlation with their quantitative abilities. Medium and low proficiency students showed significant difference in the multiple choice questions and construct response questions.

Using digital technology, this paper tested the conductivity, pH and illuminance of Fe(OH)₃ colloid and FeCl₃ solution. Through the experiments, students observed the data difference and change process of conductivity, pH and illuminance, and then understood the difference between colloid and solution.

Based on the analysis of problems existed in Hoffman electrolysis apparatus, carding the idea of designing a mini-apparatus for electrolysis of water was clarified. Using the way of thinking such as analysis, abductive reasoning-control, associate analogy, and this paper designed and optimized "one-minute water electrolysis apparatus". Meanwhile, the use and functions of this apparatus were described.

There were some defects in the use of water electrolysis device in junior high school chemistry textbook, such as failure and the phenomena were not obvious etc. This paper made a water electrolysis device by utilizing some waste, and got better effect of experiment teaching.

This paper designed the integrated experiments of preparation and properties of chlorine and exhaust gas absorption. The whole device was closed and the operation was easy. This microscale experiment not only saved reagents and was with obvious phenomena, but also was green and with controllable rate, which was very suitable for classroom demonstration.

Used baking soda solution instead of NaOH and Na₂CO₃ solution as invisible ink, white vinegar as decolorizer, natural pigment alcohol leaching liquid as chromogenic agent, this paper carried out invisible ink experiment, which was a suitable extracurricular activity for its merits of safety in operation, simple, clear handwriting.

This paper compared the electronic textbook and paper textbook Chemistry:Matter and Change of American high school chemistry, and analyzed the characteristics and functions of the electronic textbook, then put forward some enlightenment to the development of electronic textbooks in China in the future.