This paper investigates chemistry core literacy (2019) of gymnasium school in German Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Lander. By analyzing key competency and evaluation system, according to students’ assignments and report of research learning project, this paper studies the relationship between assignment design and core literacy evaluation and development.

This paper compares the number, types, and functions of illustrations in the 2019 and 2007 editions of the compulsory chemistry textbooks, and finds that the new editions of the textbooks have increased the total number of illustrations and the average number of pages; the absolute number of different types of illustrations has increased and the number of decorative illustrations has decreased. Organizational and explanatory illustrations are added. Finally, based on the statistical data comparison and relevant analysis in the preceding paragraphs, this paper puts forward suggestions for the production of new textbooks in China, paying attention to the type, quantity and function of the illustrations, and giving full play to their aesthetic and moral values.

The publishing of the chemistry curriculum standards of general high school 2017 opened a new teaching practice era for cultivating students’ key discipline competences. In the latest AP Chemistry curriculum (2019) which is also implemented in high school, the curriculum objective aims at the scientific practices, the curriculum content is organized based on four chemistry big ideas, the advocated teaching strategy is the integration of teaching, learning and evaluation, and the guided inquiry experiments focusing on student, and the examination evaluation is designed with diversified tasks. Comparatively speaking, there are some problems in our chemistry teaching practice: the large-scale evaluation platform integrating teaching and learning is lack, the competence objectives of science explanation and argumentation is implicit, and the chemistry teachers have difficulties to build the connection between chemistry knowledge and ideas, competences. Therefore, the thinking on the reform of teaching practice oriented by the chemistry key competence is put forward, including to build a process evaluation system focusing on curriculum objectives, to deeply dig the competence requirements of science explanation and argument behind the teaching content, to thoroughly understand the cognitive function and value rooted in knowledge.

This paper take sexperimental inquiry on preparation of ethylene via elimination reaction of ethanol as the project, through three tasks which are: Analysis of improving the short backs of the concentrated sulfuric acid catalyzed preparation of ethylene via the elimination of ethanol;Designment and practice of the improved experiment scheme of ethylene preparation; Reporting the experiment and proposing a final improved plan to deepen the understanding of the core knowledge elimination reaction and the deep experience of the experimental scheme design method and the experimental exploration process, and develop the “scientific inquiry and innovation consciousness” literacy in the problem solving.

This paper is based on project-based learning theory that introduces the selection, designing, building, test as well as redesigning of the water purification system as the main project learning activities. In the teaching project,we should pay close attention to the students’cognition and thinking. With the development of the designing, manufacturing, test and redesigning of the water purification project, by comprehensively using the knowledge methods of chemistry,physics, mathematics and other disciplines, students learn the ways to analyze and solve problems,and they conclude a solution to the separation and purification of substances in the real context, in addition, the project develops the key competencies of chemistry and students experience the complete engineering design process.

This paper takes the road of white sugar as project learning topics, presents the project teaching case of “solution” in junior high school chemistry.Based on the process of homemade lollipop, series of learning tasks were developed, which is helpful for students to develop core literacy and build flexible knowledge base in real problem situations.

This paper starts the reviewing by using the application in the chemistry experiment with gas pressure changes as a cut-in point, takes the game of ROOM ESCAPE as the situation, and summarizes the causes of gas pressure change and resulting phenomena by checking the air tightness of experimental apparatus, constructs a general model to deal with the change of gas pressure during chemical experiments, strengthens the gas pressure model by improving the instrument, which increase the functions of instrument to control the occurrence and stop of chemical reaction, analyzes and improves a classical experiment “test oxygen content in atmosphere” by using this model, proves the occurrence of reaction between carbon dioxide and sodium hydroxide solution by using this model. The design of these learning tasks highlights the experimental exploration, promotes the model construction, cultivates students’ innovative consciousness, and realizes the purpose of deep teaching and development of core literacy.

This article aims to help students to understand the two different reactions: 1,2addition and 1,4addition reactions through analyzing the stability of the intermediates. Thus, we demonstrate how to achieve the aim by using the diagram of potential energy change of the addition reaction between 1,3butadiene and HBr displayed in the Shandong college entrance examination papers in 2020, employing the material structure knowledge the students have learned as well as introducing the conception of conjugation effect to the students appropriately. Based on the knowledge of chemical reaction principle, we also help students to comprehend the fact that the ratio of the two addition products can be controlled by regulating the temperature and other conditions. Besides, we extend the knowledge of the reaction law and make more examples on applying the law. We hope that our experience can provide useful references for high school teaching.

With 30 novice chemistry teachers in Guangdong as participants, this study employed content analysis method to measure the components of NOS-PCK in teaching design. The results indicated that most of the NOS-PCK of novice chemistry teachers can involve 2~3 components. In terms of specific components, the KoS component appeared the most frequently, the KoA component was the second, and the KoC component and the KoL component appeared less frequently. Implications for chemistry teacher education and its research were also discussed.

Based on the PCK quantitative assessment tool developed by Eriksson College in the United States, a questionnaire of the teaching theme “ion reaction” as the content carrier was designed, and the PCK level and typical characteristics of 32 high school chemistry novice teachers in Hebei Province were surveyed. The results showed that the overall PCK level and the level of each PCK dimension of high school chemistry novice teachers were at the “basic” stage, among which the KoC level was the best, the KoL level took second place, and the KoIS level was the worst. The ability level of novice teachers in each dimension was obviously unbalanced. There was no significant correlation among the three PCK dimensions for the specific theme of “ion reaction”. Aiming at the main problems and deficiencies existing in PCK of high school chemistry novice teachers, relevant suggestions were put forward which would provide reference for the rapid professional growth of novice chemistry teachers in senior high schools.

Based on the key concept teaching mentality, internet B/S architecture interactive software can provide multiple visual, qualitative and quantitative simulated experimental evidences by student self-manipulation, which can effectively promote students in logical comprehension of chemical concepts and in construction of systematic thoughts.

Spinach pigment was extracted by ultrasonic eyeglass cleaning machine, the effects of water content, different extraction parts, different extraction solvents and different volume ratio of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate on the chalk separation effect of spinach were investigated. The results showed that there were five clear separation bands after the chalk separation when the dried spinach leaves were extracted with acetone and the ratio of V_{petroleum ether} to V_{ethyl acetate} was 17∶2. The teaching function of extraction and chromatographic separation of plant components is more conducive to achieve.

The barium chloride method is not only one of the most common methods used by middle school chemistry to test for deterioration of sodium peroxide, but also a common test point for middle school chemistry exams. However, experiments have shown that the barium chloride method has obvious interference. This study uses comparative experiments to clarify the relevant issues and puts forward improved test method. It helps middle school teachers deepen the understanding of the principle of the test method of sodium peroxide, to avoid the misunderstanding of the applicability of this method, and provides a reference for improving the effectiveness of teaching and the scientificity of related test questions.

Students often encounter a variety of thinking obstacles when solving problems involving the context of acid-base titration curves. Model construction approach and its application can help address these thinking obstacles. Such an approach involves an analysis of the underlying structural elements of example problems centering on the five points focused by problem design relating to titration curves of electrolyte solutions, that is, the starting point, equal material point, equivalence point, neutrality point and appropriateness point. Starting from these “five points”, a problem-solving thinking model is constructed to guide students’ divergence and convergence of thinking. Carefully-selected problem-based contexts are utilized to apply constructed thinking models in solving problems relating to acid-base titration curves, thereby inspiring thinking in real-world contexts, facilitating accurate identification of entry point for problem solving and knowledge generation. The practical process is aimed to improve students’ core competencies relating to model cognition and their quality of thinking for the subject of chemistry.

This paper focused on the experiment of American national chemistry week in 2020:“Sticking with Chemistry”, then briefly introduced the activities of scientific reading and interviewing future scientists. Some teaching enlightenments on chemistry teaching in our country were obtained from American national chemistry week’s activities: (1)deepening structured cognition from the big concept perspective; (2) taking root in practice and improving application awareness; (3)encouraging exploration to intensify intrinsic awareness; (4)spanning science to deepen the STSE concept; (5)handpicking the theme to highlight micro project-based learning; (6)researching diligently and good at thinking to shape excellent character.

This paper makes an analysis and comparison between the journal Chemistry Education Research and Practice (CERP) and the journal Chinese Journal of Chemical Education from 2010 to 2019, which involves the publication, research theme and expression form of chemistry teaching animation in middle schools. In the past two years, the research on animation teaching in the two journals has obviously increased the number of published articles. And the research focuses on the development of interactive animation and the research of teaching application. However, the chemistry teaching topics of the two magazines are quite different. CERP is mainly about three-dimensional representation, redox, and chemical structure and so on, while Chinese Journal of Chemical Education is mainly about specific knowledge points. In addition, the typical articles selected from CERP are introduced in order to provide some reference for domestic chemical educators.

Sulfur had been the mainly drug in Chinese medicine and alchemy since the Han Dynasty. Realgar was refined with oil in the Tang Dynasty. In the Chinese medical circles of Song Dynasty, the oil-frying method was applied in the purification of sulfur. In the medical book of Ming Dynasty, the technology of refining sulfur with oil was relatively mature. The doctor of the Qing Dynasty proposed an elaborate scheme about removing the residual oil from sulfur. The black powder was added sulfur and oil in the Song Dynasty. In the Ming dynasty, the technique how sulfur was extract from oil was described in detail. In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty, the western people introduced the distinctive sulfur refining method. Westerners paid more attention to the impurities filtration and getting rid of oil from sulfur. Sulfur purification was a key step to ensure the quality of black powder.

George Alfred Leon Sarton mentioned “spirits” and “distillation” in his monumental work Introduction to the History of Science when introduced a treatise on the distillation of spirits entitled Pei-shan Chiu Ching to us. The article queried the possibility of the existence of “spirits” and “distillation” in Pei-shan Chiu Ching in two aspects: the development of distillation and the text analysis of Qimin Yaoshu and Pei-shan Chiu Ching.