Through comparing the chemistry/ science textbooks of people's education edition in mainland and Kang Hsuan edition in Chinese Taiwan, this paper did a research about chemical enlightenment by the questionnaire survey method and the research comparison method, including the students' learning attitude towards chemistry in the enlightenment stage and the contents of “experimental, illustration and extracurricular knowledge” in the teaching materials. The results indicated that chemistry experiment was not only an attraction but also a difficulty for the students in the initial stage of chemistry, and the chemistry experiment exploration in the teaching materials in Chinese Taiwan could exercise the students' ability. Secondly, it was found that the design of illustrations in the textbook had a great influence on the students' learning of chemistry in the chemical enlightenment stage. Thirdly, realistic picture helped students understand chemistry better than simulated ones.

It has made a statistical analysis on research literature of chemistry textbooks in chemical education and basic education core journals in recent 11 years. From the angles of metrology, it analyses the aspects including: the amount of papers, distribution areas of papers, the working organization in authors, the situation of authors cooperation, the school stage, country area,version time and content of research on chemistry textbooks. It explores the situation and tendency, some problems and thoughts for research chemistry textbooks in basic education.

Based on the subject of“different types of chemical power source design”,this paper introduced the establishment of the project,planning and implementation. Series of project learning activities included:galvanic cell foundation course, construction and application of galvanic cell cognitive model,design of different types of chemical power source in small groups,exploring the influencing factors of current,measuring current size using handheld technology digital experiment as well as carrying out the results report. The subject was originated from life. It helped students to understand the reciprocal transformation between chemical energy to electrical energy,promote interest in chemistry and develop chemical core literacy.

Based on the characteristics of chemistry and the requirements of curriculum standards, the relationship between the four factors, which is experimental inquiry, evidential reasoning, problem solving and innovative thinking, and the development of key cognitive ability is analyzed in theory. The framework and formation path of the key cognitive ability with evidential reasoning are constructed, as well as, feasibility strategies for cultivating key cognitive abilities are put forward, which take experimental inquiry, in-depth learning, examination feedback and problem solving as opportunities.

Based on these ontological categories about concepts, the connotation of ontology categories about chemical bonding and its application in the chemical conceptual change are elaborated in detail. Moreover, ontological categories based on ontological perspective are a supplementary teaching method on chemical concept teaching.

The core concept of chemistry is the most important content in chemistry teaching. The concepts of electrolyte, ion reaction and chemical bond constitute a core concept group, which is the key and difficult point for students to master relevant knowledge. The investigation of 370 senior high school students in Beijing shows that:(1) The degree of conceptual mastery is chemical bond＜ ion reaction＜ electrolyte. (2) The “concept of electrolyte” is significantly related to the mastery of “conduction principle” “ion reaction concept” and “ion coexistence”; there is a significant correlation between ionization and mastery of ion reaction concepts; the “conduction principle” is significantly related to the mastery of “ion reaction concept” “ion coexistence” and “comprehensive discrimination of ionic bond and covalent bond”. It is shown that the understanding and mastery of electrolyte and conductive principle are important links in the conceptual system. (3) Outstanding, intermediate and academically disabled students have the biggest difference in solving problems related to the concepts of easy and difficult, while the difference in intermediate difficulty is relatively small. Based on this, this paper puts forward the corresponding core concept teaching countermeasures.

Electroplating experiment is an important case of the application of electrolysis principle. Through experiments, not only qualitative sensibility recognition, but also quantitative rational data should be obtained. In this paper, the effects of copper ion concentration, pH, electrolysis time, electrolysis voltage and electrolysis temperature on the properties of plating thickness, uniformity and compactness were investigated for electroplating copper experiments. The mechanism of formation was analyzed on the basis of the electrolysis principle and determined the suitable operating conditions for electroplating copper. It also provided reference cases and research ideas for students to carry out electroplating experiments.

This paper describes the principle and coloring mechanism of anodizing of alumina and its coloring technology, which are widely used in industry. Food coloring is used to color the anodized alumina sheet to obtain the alumina sheet with rich colors, and a kind of simple gas acid-base detector which can check the acidity and alkaline of gas is prepared. This experiment can be used to expand the experimental teaching of the classroom, and it is simple and easy to operate, easy to obtain raw materials, low cost, and very interesting.

In order to make high school students understand the property and application of nanomaterial, a research-oriented comprehensive experiment, preparation of carbon quantum dots, was designed. A new type of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) was prepared from biomass materials with abundant carbon content by carbonization reaction and multiple filtrations. It overcame the limitations of high temperature and high pressure for the preparation of carbon quantum dots, and enabled the preparation of carbon quantum dots to be realized in high school chemistry experiments. The fluorescence properties of carbon quantum dots were characterized by fluorescent lamp. In order to increase the interest of the experiment, the carbon quantum dots were made into invisible fluorescent ink. The project proved that comprehensive experiment was suitable for high school chemistry experiment teaching and experimental ability training. Furthermore, comprehensive experiment could help to cultivate students' scientific inquiry spirit, innovative consciousness and social responsibility.

The influence of peanut oil and kerosene oil on dissolved oxygen in water was measured by optical dissolved oxygen sensor. It was confirmed that neither vegetable oil nor mineral oil could isolate oxygen, but the dissolution rate of oxygen could be significantly reduced. The dissolved oxygen in water or solution could be kept in low concentration for a certain period of time, and vegetable oil was more conducive to maintaining the oxygen deficiency of water samples than mineral oil.

Considering the lack of photoelectric colorimeter and spectrophotometer in most high schools, the self-made photoelectric colorimeter was developed to determine the absorbance and concentration of transparent colored solution, based on Lambert-Beer law and 3D printing technology. The content of iron in ferrous succinate tablets and the content of crystal water in copper sulfate crystal were determined by self-made photoelectric colorimeter. The experimental results showed that the photoelectric colorimeter was accurate. Introducing 3D printing technology into the innovation and improvement of chemical experiment embodied the idea of interdisciplinary integration and innovative design.

The sensor digitization technology is used to analyze the behavior of sodium bicarbonate dilute solution about absorbing or releasing carbon dioxide gas at room temperature. Meanwhile, pH value and its change trend are obtained. The digitization experiment is designed to provide chemical experimental verification for sodium bicarbonate solution's behavior as carbon dioxide buffer in biology. The thermodynamic calculation provides the chemical theory support for its buffer principle. Experiments show that sodium bicarbonate dilute solution is able to build carbon dioxide buffer sufficiently and necessarily. What's more, its buffer principle is based on the establishment of HCO^-₃/CO^2-₃ buffer pair from accidentally self-ionization of sodium bicarbonate, so as to establish dissolved balance with the carbon dioxide in environment. The total equation is 2HCO^-₃(aq)CO^2-₃(aq)+H₂O(l)+CO₂(g).

Infrared thermography technology is introduced into laboratory safety education.Demonstrate the scene when correct heating and non-standard heating of alcohol lamp, using thermal imaging camera to shoot the test tube and beaker heating respectively. Through the comparison and analysis of the thermal images, students can intuitively discover the disadvantages and potential risks of non-standard operations. The rich color of the infrared thermograms gives students a strong visual impact, which can make a deep impression on students.

The existing textbooks use sucrose and baking soda as raw materials for the experiment of “burning sugar to form snake”, which has some problems such as short growth length and slow growth rate, reducing the interest and enjoyment of this experiment. Based on the analysis of the function of baking soda, the innovation and improvement of the experiment of “burning sugar to snake” by replacing baking soda with oxygen generation compounds were systematically explored. The results showed that the growth length and growth rate of the snake were greatly increased by burning sugar with potassium permanganate and sodium chlorate instead of baking soda. The improved experiment was more interesting, ornamental and exploratory, and with more obvious phenomena.

The effect of increasing the concentration of reactants on the conversion rate in the multi-reactant equilibrium system was discussed by constructing a model. The relationship between the change of conversion rate and stoichiometric number was found, and the conclusion was characterized by curve. The conclusion has certain significance to clarify some wrong cognition and chemistry teaching in high school.

This article talked about the essential meaning of “spontaneity” by using the first and second law of thermodynamics and Van't Hoff equation, also pointed out the improper interpretation of “spontaneity” in senior high school chemistry textbook. Helped students integrate “equilibrium shifting” and “the direction of chemical reactions” organically, form knowledge system of chemistry, and improve chemistry core literacy.

In this paper, the mechanism for alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl acetate was analyzed, the limit of reaction for the interaction between ethyl acetate and sodium carbonate solution was calculated theoretically, and the fact that sodium acetate and sodium bicarbonate could be obtained by the reaction of ethyl acetate with sodium carbonate solution was exampled and verified. And this paper analyzed that the significant decrease of contact area of the interaction between ethyl acetate and sodium carbonate solution was caused by the strong polarity of sodium carbonate solution, which resulted in the smallest rate of reaction.

Cold concentrated nitric acid can passivate Fe and Al, but cold concentrated sulfuric acid can only passivate Al, but not Fe. It has been proved that the surface of Fe treated with cold concentrated sulfuric acid (so called passivation) produces not a dense oxide film but a layer of FeSO₄ insoluble in concentrated sulfuric acid which causes the inner metal to be unable to react with acid continuously thus causing the reaction to stop.

The contents related to glutamate in the Ordinary High School Chemistry Curriculum Standards 2017 and teaching material of middle schools were analyzed. Based on the concept of scientific education of HPS, the history of the discovery, research and production of monosodium glutamate were introduced, including the introduction of Chinese chemist Wu Yun-Chu's contribution to China's glutamate industry, and its educational values were revealed.

Based on the basic knowledge and theory of organic chemistry, organic chemistry related questions in the 32th Jiangsu province senior high school chemistry Olympiad selection contest were analyzed in detail, and served as a reference for teachers and participating students.

The integration of information technology and chemistry curriculum brings new changes to the education industry, emerging new fields such as chemical education technology, this paper identifies 15 key words as research hotspot in the field, briefly describes the research methods and principles of word selection, and the classification and statistical analysis of development of the core vocabulary, from the side reflecting the research progress and the present situation of chemical education in our country, and put forward relevant suggestions for the development of this field.