Brassinolide is a new type of green and environmentally friendly plant growth regulator. It has many functions such as promoting plant growth,improving plant resistance to disease,and improving plant growth quality. It is regarded as the sixth type of plant growth hormone. This paper gives a comprehensive overview of the research progress of brassinolide,and introduces the applications of brassinolide in agricultural production,and provides references for promoting the widespread use of brassinolide.

In the view of the urgent need for innovative talents in our country and the problems existing in the teaching process, the reform attempt is made in the aspects of teaching content, teaching methods, teaching means,and comprehensive evaluation.The new teaching content system and the multi-dimensional teaching methods are explored. Besides, “one-paper” open-book examination is introduced in the mid-term examination, and “subject achievement” is introduced in the terminal examination result. General ideological and political education is also introduced into the analytical chemistry course to achieve the goal of cooperative cultivation organically, which integrates knowledge imparting, value leading and ability training. Some good achievement are achieved.

Professional certification is an important means to ensure the quality and sustainable development of higher education. Based on the professional accreditation standards, there are some problems in the training process of chemical talents, such as unclear training objectives, unreasonable curriculum and nonstandard teaching evaluation. Combining of OBE education concept, through the construction of “modular” curriculum system, “three-level, four-stage, multi-link” of teaching quality assurance system and “trinity” cooperative education mechanism, the talent training mode of chemistry specialty in local colleges was explored to improve the quality of talent training.

Based on the scientific understanding of “Two Properties and One Degree”, it is suggested that the curriculum design of halogen element should make “how to embody the “Two Properties and One Degree” in a practical way” as a key breakthrough direction. Compared with the old teaching material, we should pay attention on four directions, including highlighting the main line of core content, restructuring of content, development of discipline integration, and full function the role of education. The new teaching content should base on the perspective of promoting the development of students’ scientific literacy, highlight innovative thinking and scientific research methods, take “teacher use well and students self-study well” as the direction of efforts, and aim at improving teaching quality and promoting talent training. The purpose of the reform is to make students acquire basic knowledge, learn some scientific thinking methods, learning methods and research methods via learning the knowledge of halogen element.

The achievements of anti COVID-19 epidemic scientific research should be interpreted in the view of the surface and interface chemistry. The concepts and theories in six chapters of physical chemistry are adopted to understand the anti epidemic knowledge. First,the life and health and virus detection and transmission were discussed based on the first and second law of thermodynamic and colloidal chemistry,respectively. Second,the origin of fogging in goggles protection was explained through water phase diagram and contact angle to solve the fogging problem. Finally,the face mask was revealed by chemical and physical adsorption virus process and sterilization by osmotic pressure of dilute solution. The teaching mode is beneficial to enable students to apply what they have learned.

Under the background of course of ideology and politics (IAP),how to introduce patriotism into the professional courses of chemical engineering is a big challenge. Professional knowledge concerning “energy-saving and emission-reduction” was regarded as carrier,and carbon emission issue was used as the IAP material. We led students to analyze the issue by the professional knowledge and silently introduced the patriotism element into the teaching. By analysis of the hidden purpose of the United States and the coping strategy of China to the issue,students’ patriotic enthusiasm can be strengthened. They can also realize that the Communist Party of China (CPC) has resolve and ability in protecting national development interests. Further,we enlightened students to explore the correlation between the carbon emission and the major historical events in different periods of new China. As such,students can profoundly understand the fact that CPC leads the people to choose a successful path. They can fortify their confidence in the socialist path. Therefore,this thematic teaching deeply integrates the professional knowledge with the IAP element and successfully unifies the love of motherland,CPC,and socialism. It may be worthy of other teachers’ reference.

The calculation of sophisticated REDOX electrode potential has always been a difficult point in college chemistry teaching. The flipped classroom teaching is carried out taking it as an example. Under the guidance of teachers, through induction and analogy, the relationship between the undissolved salt electrode, the complexes electrode and the metal electrode can be clarified and the internalization of knowledge can be attained. And then through the flip of the classroom, the internalized knowledge is presented in classroom practice, and the calculation formula of electrode potential of sophisticated electrodes under standard condition are acquired. The practice shows that this learning mode can avoid phenomena existing in students’ online learning including the refresh, brush questions and psychological impetuousness. It is helpful to promote students to concentrate on deep learning without distraction and transfer, connect and integrate the fragmented knowledge into a system. Thus, the purpose of applying knowledge to practice could be achieved.

Based on the available MOOC and Micro-lecture as well as the online teaching experience, the rational application of multiple teaching modes has been explored in the teaching process of inorganic chemistry. The result shows that the combination of the flipped class teaching, information-assisted teaching and traditional teaching modes at the appropriate ratio not only ensures the teaching efficiency and the systematicness, but also gives full play to the enthusiasm and initiative of students, and improves the timeliness and flexibility of teaching and studying, which leading to good teaching effectiveness.

While teaching the basic principles and knowledge of thermodynamics in physical chemistry, we can embody Marxist philosophical thoughts, such as the practice is the only criterion to test truth, the absoluteness and relativity of truth, the law of quantitative and qualitative change, the universality and particularity of contradiction, etc. Using Marxist philosophy thoughts, the basic principles of physical chemistry are deeply explained. In the process of studying physical chemistry, the students can not only master the basic principles and knowledge of physical chemistry, but also master the scientific principles and scientific ideas of physical chemistry through Marxist world outlook and methodology.

Using the screenshot function of QQ software to read the three primary colors RGB of the color cards, the red and green signals corresponding to the colors of methylene blue in aqueous solutions can be obtained. Then, a simple experimental teaching program of UV-visible spectrophotometry for the determination of methylene blue is designed based on the Lambert-Beer law and the complementary color principle. This program includes standard color card preparation, color signal reading, standard curve plotting, and sample testing. Through student experiments, the satisfactory reliability of the experimental program can be achieved. This experimental program is particularly suitable for online teaching or offline teaching lacking a spectrophotometer.

In order to satisfy the requirement of developing experimental technology and expanding experiment teaching content, the data acquisition system for temperature change with signal input of Pt1000 temperature sensor was developed. The hardware architecture of the data acquisition system and the main functions of the upper computer software were introduced. The importance for increasing experiments efficiency, expanding experimental teaching content, optimizing the method of experimental data handling and improving the reliability of experimental result was discussed with the example of the application of the data acquisition system in the experiment of “determination of reaction enthalpy of acetylation of salicylic acid by measurements of combustion heat of reaction components ”.

Here we design a method to process the paper-based microfluidic chip by inkjet printing. The filter paper was soaked in hexane solution containing alkylketone dimmer (AKD), using triethanolamine solution as printing ink. The chip pattern could be printed by an ink jet printer. As the filter paper was heated, the print area was hydrophilic, and the non-print area was hydrophobic. As a result, the paper chip was prepared, and the quantitative determination of nitrite ion was realized by digital colorimetry. With the advantages of low equipment cost and easy to be popularized, through the method, we can urge students to understand the cutting-edge science and technology of microfluidic chips, exercise their meticulous and dexterous practical ability, and stimulate their scientific and technological creativity.

A comprehensive and innovative experiment, asymmetric hydrogenation of methyl (Z)-3-actetamido-3-substituted acrylate by bifunctional catalyst Zhaophos-Rh, has been designed for the senior undergraduate in department of applied chemistry. The experiment includes synthesis and characterization of Zhaophos, research on the structure-activity relationship of Zhaophos-Rh in catalyzing methyl (Z)-3-actetamido-3-substituted acrylate, and construction of the catalytic model. This experiment can not only examine students’ basic organic chemistry knowledge and experimental operation skills, deepen students’ understanding of chiral chemistry, but also teach them how to design bifunctional catalysts by comprehensively using the knowledge of basic organic chemistry and metal coordination chemistry. It is very good to increase students’ experimental interests and greatly stimulate their sense of innovation.

The calibration of EDTA concentration is an important basic experiment in university chemistry experiments. Through designing the experimental scheme of EDTA concentration calibration, this paper explores the influence of the dosage of the key reagent such as the primary standard, ammonia, NH₃-NH₄Cl buffer, Mg-EDTA (Mg-Y), magnesium solution and indicator on the calibration process and results. This study will not only help students to deepen their understanding of complexometric titration, master the applicable conditions of different calibration methods, and enhance their grasp of the function and “quantity” of experimental reagents, but also help to improve their ability of analyzing and solving problems.

Combined with scientific research achievements and experimental teaching experience,the traditional experiment of methylation reaction in organic chemistry experiment was improved. The traditional methylation reagents involved in the teaching materials have disadvantage such as high toxicity,which is not conducive to the implementation of experimental teaching. Therefore,this paper proposes to replace traditional methylation reagents with methyl trifluoroacetate from scientific research achievements and applies it to the experimental teaching of organic chemistry for undergraduates,so as to enhance students’ understanding of the theoretical knowledge of methylation reaction. This experiment combines novel scientific research content and introduces the design idea of scientific research experiment,which is not only conducive to students to better grasp the theoretical knowledge of books,but also to stimulate students’ interests in scientific research and improve their comprehensive quality.

In this paper, a comprehensive experiment about the biomass liquid fuel production by hydrothermal liquefaction of crop straw was designed for undergraduates majoring in the energy chemical engineering and applied chemistry, aiming to improve the professional quality and to expand the professional horizon of the senior undergraduates in related majors. The experimental contents include pretreatment of raw materials, hydrothermal liquefaction of crop straw, separation and purification of products, and their characterization of composition and properties. The training of experimental operation, instrument use and data processing can not only enrich the professional knowledge of students, but also contribute to the cultivation of their innovation ability and teamwork consciousness.

Hydrolysis of ester is an important chemical reaction in the experimental course of organic chemistry. The traditional experimental design of ester hydrolysis uses acid or alkaline environment to hydrolyze under heating conditions. However, this experimental design combines organic chemistry with biocatalysis and uses the hydrolysis function of elastase to achieve the hydrolysis of7-hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-chromen-2-one under normal temperature and neutral environment. The experimental design innovatively combines ester hydrolysis with enzyme catalysis, which is beneficial to expand students’ knowledge and inter-disciplinary talent of chemical biology. At the same time, biocatalysis has the characteristics of mild reaction and environmental friendliness, which meets the needs of contemporary green chemistry.

Pre-service chemistry student has the dual status of college student and prospective teacher. The research on their autobiographical texts has unique significance for both teacher education reform and teachers’ own development. By using text mining tool and Normal School Students’ reflection level scale, this paper analyzes 90 autobiography texts of pre-service chemistry students to find out the key people, important experiences subject cognition changes in the process of their growth, and evaluate the level of reflection on their educational autobiographies.

Gel electrophoresis is a common and important techniques used in protein biochemistry,biophysics,and chemical biology research. However,the knowledge about protein structure and function behind it has been so long ignored by undergraduate education. Starting from the criteria filtering proper molecular-weight size marker for protein electrophoresis,this paper analyzed and contrasted several classes of molecular-weight size marker,and offered some reasonable suggestions for selecting optimal protein marker based on the stability analysis of primary structure and advanced structure.

In this paper, the author discussed the design and exploration of integrating curriculum ideological and political education into physical chemistry for pharmacy major. Firstly, five quality objectives were added into the curriculum standards besides knowledge objective. Secondly, the teaching contents were designed around the quality objectives integrating five ideological and political elements in the “narrow sense”, that is to say ideological and moral education. Thirdly, various teaching modes were designed to cultivate the students’ overall quality introducing ideological and political elements in the “broad sense”. Lastly, the proportion of quality objective assessment was increased in the teaching evaluation to promote the performing of quality objectives. Through these ways, good effects have achieved in the teaching and the responsibility of professional course to cultivate people have completed in a certain extent.

Graduate education is an important part of higher education, and its contradictions cannot be underestimated. This paper summarizes four types of contradictions in the process of graduate education, and reveals the reasons for the existence of contradictions. In the end, this paper puts forward approaches and suggestions for dissolving the contradictions.

The students majoring in pharmaceutical preparations in our university were selected as the analysis objects. The teaching approaches of physical chemistry lectures using combined on-line and on-site have been worked out. Different on-line inspection strategies are used for chapter test. By analyzing and comparing the results of the on-site final examination of each class and the on-line test results of each chapter, this paper summarizes the current situation of on-line and on-site combined teaching of physical chemistry from the aspects of student behavior, teaching strategy, teaching platform technology, and some strategies and suggestions are put forward.The paper points out the future work guidance of the combination ofon-lineandon-siteteaching mode: The on-line question bank and other assessment materials should be constructed and improved. More stringent assessment strategies and techniques should be used. The personnel of on-line teaching platform and teachers should deepen cooperation at the technical level.

For the primary cell, the essence of electrode potential can be looked as the result of effect of chemical system on the electronic potential of electrode materials, namely the trend of chemical energy conversion to electrical energy. However, the mechanism for the transfer from oxidation/reduction reaction at the electrode interface to electrode potential has not been described clearly in the textbooks. In this paper, based on the principle of electrochemical potential balance, the relationship of ion balance at solid-liquid interface and electrode potential was discussed. Further, the physical meaning of standard electrode potential was given: it is dependent on a series of physical parameters of the electrode system, including the chemical potential of electron and ion on the work electrode, ionic chemical potential of the electrolyte around work electrode, chemical potential of ion and electron on the reference electrode, and ionic chemical potential of the electrolyte around reference electrode.